对于众包的批评并非没有，但对于美国宇航局来说，或许旨在通过重复任务分配的罗尔斯主义的“重复—众包—一致”思想可以使它的犯错风险降到最低。
Crowdsourcing critics exist, but as for NASA, perhaps Rawlsian "overlapping -crowd - consensus" through iterative tasking can minimize its downside risk.
所以罗尔斯说功利主义将被拒绝。
功利主义者认为正义是效用，罗尔斯认为正义是公平，诺齐克认为正义是个人权利，麦金太尔认为正义是美德。
Utilitarianists hold justice is efficiency, Rawls thinks justice is equity, Nozick considers justice is the right of individuals, and in Macintyre justice is just the virtue.
在反对罗尔斯的建构主义基础上，麦金太尔提出了语境主义的正义探究模式。
Opposing Rawls's constructivism, MacIntyre insists a mode of contextualism on the research of justice.
罗尔斯的契约主义建立在两个基本概念之上，即“原初状态”和“无知之幕”。
Rawls's contractualism is based on two conceptions of the original position and the veil of ignorance.
戴卫·戈德尔是继罗尔斯之后，对契约主义思想影响最大，同时也带来了最多争议的思想家之一。
David Gauthier is one of the most influential as well as the most controversial theorists in contractual liberalism after John Rawls.
罗尔斯的思想不同于与其同源的文化相对主义和情感主义，他同康德在最大程度上展示了西方的启蒙传统；
Being quite different from cultural relativism and emotivism, Rawls and Kant represent the Western Enlightenment tradition in its full blown sense, although they are derived from the same origins.
罗尔斯正义理论的形成经历一个过程，从《作为公平的正义》到《分配的正义》再到《正义论》，逐渐摆脱了功利主义影响而走向规范主义。
The formation of Rawls' Theory of Justice underwent a process, from Justice as Fairness to Distributive Justice, and then to the Theory of Justice.
第二部分重点论述罗尔斯对功利主义的批判，以及对正义原则的解释和替代功利主义的可能性。
In the second part, I will emphatically discuss the criticism of Rawls to utilitarianism, and introduce the justice principle, discuss why the justice principle could take place the utilitarianism.
罗尔斯在《正义论》中提出了他的社会正义理论，其中包含关于社会最低保障的观念。但是，罗尔斯的社会最低保障观念与功利主义的社会最低保障观念是不同的。
In his a theory of justice, John Rawls proposes a theory of social justice that has a conception of social minimum, which is different from the conception of utilitarian social minimum.
相对而言，康德的论证更具先验论证的色彩，而罗尔斯的论证却营造了实用主义的背景。
Comparatively speaking, Kant's argument has certain transcendental character, and the argument what Rawls did endorses some pragmatic background.
其次，罗尔斯的社会最低保障是一种制度，而功利主义的社会最低保障是一种原则；
Secondly, John Rawls' social minimum is a kind of institution, and the social minimum of utilitarianism is a kind of principle;
其次，罗尔斯的社会最低保障是一种制度，而功利主义的社会最低保障是一种原则；
Secondly, John Rawls' social minimum is a kind of institution, and the social minimum of utilitarianism is a kind of principle;
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