肺结核是由结核杆菌引起的呼吸道传染病。
Tuberculosis is a respiratory infectious disease caused by tubercule bacilli.
对1797名格陵兰学龄儿童进行干扰素释放试验（IGRA），确定其是否存在结核杆菌感染。
1797 Greenlandic schoolchildren were tested for MTI with an interferon gamma release assay (IGRA).
总体而言，因纽特儿童（比值比：4.22；95%可信区间：1.55-11.5）和那些与上一个哥或姐的年龄距离不足一年的儿童(比值比：2.48；95%可信区间：1.33-4.63) 相比结核杆菌的感染率较高。
Overall, the MTI rate was higher among Inuit children (OR: 4.22; 95% CI: 1.55–11.5) and among children born less than one year after the birth of the next older sibling (OR: 2.48; 95% CI: 1.33–4.63).
由于唾液是传染的重要媒介，而且结核杆菌能在痰中存活一整天，因此在很多国家，随地吐痰就成为违法行为了。
As saliva is one of the main vectors of infection and the tuberculosis bacillus can survive in spit for a whole day, spitting was outlawed in numerous countries.
随地吐痰的习惯成为公共卫生机构的根除目标，是在1882年德国生物学家科赫发现了肺结核杆菌之后。
The spitting habit became the target of public health authorities after the discovery of the tuberculosis bacillus in 1882 by the German biologist Robert Koch.
肺部感染结核杆菌的患者在咳嗽时可能传染他人。
People ill with TB bacteria in their lungs can infect others when they cough.
冈比亚有袋鼠能够很容易地分辨出人类痰液中的结核杆菌与其它各种细菌的不同。
The Gambian pouched rat apparently can smell the difference between tuberculosis bacilli and the myriad other germs that inhabit human phlegm.
结核杆菌感染的强家庭聚集性表明家庭暴露源很重要。
The strong household clustering of MTI suggests that family sources of exposure are important.
他们发现耐药结核杆菌与其他细菌竞争的能力，取决于它们所获得的耐药突变，以及它们的遗传品系。
They found that the ability of the resistant bacteria to compete depended on the mutations they had acquired to become resistant, as well as their genetic strain.
目前，世界上总共有三分之一的人口已感染结核杆菌。
Overall, one third of the world's population is currently infected with TB.
世界上每秒钟就有一人新感染结核杆菌。
Someone in the world is newly infected with TB bacilli every second.
免疫系统会把结核杆菌“屏蔽”起来，结核杆菌在厚厚的腊质胞壁的保护下可潜伏多年。
The immune system "walls off" the TB bacilli which, protected by a thick waxy coat, can lie dormant for years.
旨在调查格陵兰儿童结核杆菌感染(MTI)的危险因素，从而确定哪些儿童的感染风险最高。
To examine the risk factors for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (MTI) among Greenlandic children for the purpose of identifying those at highest risk of infection.
与肺结核患者有接触的儿童中，26.7%被诊断存在结核杆菌感染，而与肺结核患者没有接触的儿童中，此比例为6.4%。
MTI was diagnosed in 26.7% of the children with a known TB contact, as opposed to 6.4% of the children without such contact.
2005到2007年间，对5个不同区域的1797名格陵兰学龄儿童进行干扰素释放试验（IGRA）和结核菌素试验（TST），确定其是否存在结核杆菌感染。
Between 2005 and 2007, 1797 Greenlandic schoolchildren in five different areas were tested for MTI with an interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) and a tuberculin skin test (TST).
艾滋病毒阳性并感染结核杆菌的人比感染结核杆菌但艾滋病毒阴性的人患结核的可能性要高许多倍。
Someone who is HIV-positive and infected with TB bacilli is many times more likely to become sick with TB than someone infected with TB bacilli who is HIV-negative.
一个人只需要吸入少量结核杆菌，就可染病。
A person needs only to inhale a small number of these to be infected.
但是，感染结核杆菌的人不一定患病。
But people infected with TB bacilli will not necessarily become sick with the disease.
二十多亿人(世界总人口的三分之一)感染了结核杆菌——引发肺结核(TB)的细菌。
More than two billion people, or a third of the world's total population, are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that causes tuberculosis (TB).
在耐药性结核之后，又出现了广泛耐药结核杆菌！
几乎世界上三分之一的人都被导致结核病的细菌感染，尽管有活性的结核杆菌只在小部分的病例中生长。
Nearly a third of the world's population is infected with the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, although active TB only develops in a fraction of those cases.
另一个方面原因是因为结核杆菌和HIV病毒的致死性集合，这已经在世界上很多地区尤其非洲引起了结核病的流行。
The other aspect is the lethal combination of TB and HIV and AIDS, which is fuelling the TB epidemic in many parts of the world, especially in Africa.
另一个方面原因是因为结核杆菌和HIV病毒的致死性集合，这已经在世界上很多地区尤其非洲引起了结核病的流行。
The other aspect is the lethal combination of TB and HIV and AIDS, which is fuelling the TB epidemic in many parts of the world, especially in Africa.
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