基础经济学认为，潜在消费者越多，价格更优惠的可能性就越大。
Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.
早在1937年罗纳德•科斯便首次提出了这个问题，这位1991年度诺贝尔经济学奖得主也是今年两位获奖者的精神导师。
This question was first addressed in 1937 by Ronald Coase, the winner of the 1991 Nobel prize for economics and the intellectual forefather of both of this year’s winners.
此外，在仍在世的诺贝尔科学奖和经济学奖获得者中，70%受雇于美国大学。全世界的学术杂志中，被引用次数最多的文章大多来自这些院校。
They employ 70% of living Nobel prizewinners in science and economics and produce a disproportionate share of the world's most-cited articles in academic journals.
2008年诺贝尔经济学奖得主保罗·克鲁格曼（Paul Krugman）写道“鉴于美国政策相较租赁更倾向于支持自有住宅，你可以看到这样的事实：美国自有住房者泛滥。”
“Given the way US policy favours owning over renting,” writes Paul Krugman, 2008’s Nobel laureate in economics, “you can make a good case that America already has too many homeowners.”
平日里胜选者汉沃思子爵stephenPollock是一名莱彻斯特大学的经济学教授。
In everyday life, the winner, Viscount Hanworth, is known as Stephen Pollock and is an economics professor at Leicester University.
1970年，他成为美国第一位诺贝尔经济学奖获得者，时值这一奖项诞生第二年。
In 1970, he was the first American to win the Nobel prize in economics, the second year the prize was offered.The following are some remembrances of Mr. Samuelson.
该研究发表于《经济学和人类生物学》杂志上，还将于本月底在德国举行的诺贝尔获奖者聚会上亮相。
The study, published in the journal Economics and Human Biology will be presented at a gathering of Nobel Prize winners in Germany later this month.
博弈论最初起源于经济学，用来分析企业、市场、消费者等的行为。
Game theory was initially developed in economics to understand behavior of firms, markets, consumers etc.
这个校区已引起更多的诺贝尔经济学奖获得者比世界上任何其他机构。
This campus has given rise to more Nobel Prize winners in economics than any other institution in the world.
美国芝加哥大学教授约翰麟这是另一种理性的经济学模型的主要倡导者。
University of Chicago professor John Cochrane is another leading proponent of this rational model of economics.
在刊登《公共经济学》期刊上研究报告中，作者们发现证据表明：吸烟者正在把车开到更远的地方，在那里的酒吧现在仍允许吸烟。
In research published in the Journal of Public Economics, the authors find evidence that smokers are driving farther to places where smoking in bars is allowed.
作为一个决策者，他发现没必要研究大量的文献去为宏观经济学提供明确的微观基础，也许更尖刻的是他的这个评论。
Even more scathing, perhaps, was his comment that as a policymaker he had found essentially no use for the vast literature devoted to providing sound micro-foundations to macroeconomics.
他作为一名学者，也作为发展经济学领域的一名实践者，拥有非常令人尊敬的业绩记录。
He has a very respected record as an academic, but also as a practitioner in development economics.
一种手段是使用微观经济学的个案研究来观察消费者行为对从量税退税及减税的反应。
One approach is to use microeconomic case studies to examine consumer behaviour in response to specific tax rebates and cuts.
一些政策制定者正在采取新的措施：行为经济学。
Some policymakers are reaching for a new tool: behavioural economics.
根据传统经济学的经验，垄断者应不惜重金搞科研。
Conventional economic wisdom holds that monopolies should spend heavily on research.
经济学创立者亚当·斯密经常被人误认为，是一个提倡自私和无情的人，但他却非常明白移情作用。
Adam Smith, who is often falsely viewed as a proponent of selfishness and hardheadedness, was quite explicit about the pull this has.
这些突破不仅是对经济学价值的弘扬光大，也是对理论、数学和圈外人等其余三者的广而考之。
These breakthroughs are adverts not just for the value of economics, but also for three other things: theory, maths and outsiders.
已故诺贝尔经济学奖获得者米尔顿•弗里德曼总是用对方付费的电话回复记者问题。
Milton Friedman, the late Nobel laureate, routinely returned reporters' calls collect.
已故诺贝尔经济学奖获得者米尔顿•弗里德曼总是用对方付费的电话回复记者问题。
Milton Friedman, the late Nobel laureate, routinely returned reporters' calls collect.
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