结论：细菌生物被膜的形成与治疗研究对肺部感染的防治有可观的前景。
Conclusions: the formations and treatments studying of bacterial biofilm have bright future in the preventment and treatment of pneumonia.
目的通过体外细菌生物被膜模型观察司帕沙星对生物被膜内细菌的清除作用。
Objective: To explore the eradication effect of sparfloxacin SPLX on biofilm bacteria with biofilm models in vitro .
方法：收集近年有关细菌生物被膜与难治性肺部感染的研究资料并加以归纳综合。
Methods: Collecting and summarizing the related literatures about bacteria biofilm and refractory pneumonia in recent years.
美国各地许多城镇已经开始在其现有污水处理系统当中采用这种覆有细菌生物被膜的半圆形设备。
Several towns nationwide have started using the domes lined with bacterial biofilm to clean water in existing facilities.
在酶的帮助下，噬菌体侵入下一层细菌，如此循环直到生物膜被完全破坏。
Aided by the enzyme, the viruses then penetrate the next layer of bacteria, repeating the cycle until the biofilm is destroyed.
改造好的T7噬菌被释放到生物膜上后，它就开始侵入上层的细菌。
When the engineered T7 is unleashed on a biofilm, it invades the top layer of bacteria.
因为这种在骨科机械表面形成的多糖-蛋白质复合物(生物被膜)层，为细菌创造了一个复杂的环境。
This glycocalyx layer, which is formed on the surface of the orthopaedic devices, creates a complex environment for the bacteria.
但是我们还不知道在什么情况下细菌会形成这样的生物被膜，以及为什么在形成被膜后细菌的复原能力也会增强。
But we do not know which conditions prompt bacteria to form these biofilms and why they are more resilient when they do.
抗生素治疗能抑制感染的症状，但根除细菌通常需要去除内植物及相关的生物被膜。
Antibiotic treatment can suppress the symptoms of the infection, but eradication usually requires removal of the device and its associated glycocalyx layer19.
抗生素治疗能抑制感染的症状，但根除细菌通常需要去除内植物及相关的生物被膜。
Antibiotic treatment can suppress the symptoms of the infection, but eradication usually requires removal of the device and its associated glycocalyx layer19.
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