一种真菌和细菌植物疾病，可使被传染植物部分由深棕色变为黑色，以至腐烂。
Any of several fungal or bacterial plant diseases resulting in dark brown to black discoloration and decay of affected plant parts.
他们说，她的研究甚至没有表明这种细菌能在野外生存，更不用说杀死大量植物了。
They say that her study doesn't even show that the bacteria would survive in the wild, much less kill massive numbers of plants.
英格汉姆声称，一种普通土壤细菌的转基因版本如果被释放到野外，可能会传播并摧毁植物。
Ingham claimed that a GM version of a common soil bacterium could spread and destroy plants if released into the wild.
许多超富集植物被发现于热带地区和亚热带地区，在那里，高浓度金属元素的积累可以为植物提供保护来对抗以植物为食的昆虫和细菌病原体。
Many are found in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, where the accumulation of high concentrations of metals may afford some protection against plant-eating insects and microbial pathogens.
曾经，在植物与动物的进化之前，细菌就是这个星球上生命的全部。
Once, before the evolution of plants and animals, bacteria were all there was.
虽然那些组成植物茎干纤维素和木质素的分子不能为酵母所消化，但是某些细菌和其他种类的真菌可以完成这项任务。
Although yeast cannot digest cellulose or lignin, the molecules that form a plant's skeleton, some bacteria and other species of fungi are able to do the job.
这些怪物不仅供养着植物，而且是由细菌、浮游生物和无脊椎动物组成的一个复杂的食物网。
The bugs sustain not only the plant, but an intricate food web of bacteria, plankton and invertebrates.
这种细菌也能够分泌抑制真菌生长的化学物质，同时，它还能产生促进宿主植物生长的激素。
The bacterium can also secrete chemicals that inhibit fungal growth, as well as hormones that stimulate the growth of its host plants.
诚然，农民不会将一个细菌基因转入植物中。
话说回来，他们发现的这些途径让人觉得人类看起来更像是反刍动物：比如山羊和绵羊，这类动物都是用细菌来消化所食植物中其它无法消化的物质。
Nevertheless, the pathways they found leave humans looking more like ruminants: animals such as goats and sheep that use bacteria to break down otherwise indigestible matter in the plants they eat.
这些病原体包括了病毒、细菌和真菌。并且人类并不是唯一受到威胁的动物，其它各种动物和植物都会受到影响。
These pathogens can include viruses, bacteria and fungi. And humans are not the only ones at risk: all manner of other animal and plant species could be affected.
病毒已知感染动物，植物，真菌，原生动物，古菌和细菌。
Viruses are already known to infect animals, plants, fungi, protozoa, archaea, and bacteria.
通过比较，吉尔博士首次确定了细菌利用酶反应帮助人类消化植物中糖化合物的大致过程。
This comparison helped Dr Gill identify for the first time the probable enzymatic processes by which bacteria help humans to digest the complex carbohydrates in plants.
我们见过植物和细菌收集太阳能，但以前从未见过动物也可以这么做。
We've seen solar harvesting in plants and bacteria, but never before in animals.
这些细菌将把DNA丢入烟草植物的细胞之中，而这些烟草细胞能按步骤生产大量流感蛋白质。
The bacteria dump the DNA into the plant's cells, which follow its instructions to churn out the flu protein.
风味通常被认为是来自植物和细菌的副产品，或者说是天然分子之间发生的化学作用。
It usually means developing flavors from plant or bacteria by-products, or chemically treating naturally occurring molecules.
他们团队用利用锌指结构以IPK1基因为目标，另外添加可以中断此基因同时赋予植物抗除草剂性质的细菌DNA序列。
The team used zinc fingers that specifically target the IPK1 gene and then added bacterial DNA that would disrupt the gene while at the same time conferring herbicide resistance to the plant.
有些细菌能帮助植物生长，另一些细菌则通过腐蚀来消除死去的动物和植物，还有一些细菌则生活在土壤里，使土壤变得对种植庄稼更有好处。
There are bacteria that help plants grow,others that get rid of dead animals and plants by making them decay,and some that live in soil and make it better for growing crops.
当浮游植物死后沉到海底，细菌开始将其分解。
When the plants die, they sink to the ocean floor where bacteria begin to break them down.
某些研究暗示，大多数雪晶的核也许是腐朽的植物、细菌或菌类孢子；因此，也许雪大都是由生命触发的。
Some studies hinted that a majority of nuclei in snow crystals may be decayed vegetation, bacteria, or fungi spores; and so snow may be largely life-triggered.
六个广泛的取向：植物、动物、真菌、原生生物、细菌、古菌。
Six different broad approaches: the plants, the animals, the fungi, the protists, the little things -- the bacteria and the Archaea bacteria.
植物酚类物质(黄烷类)能保护植物免受昆虫、细菌和真菌感染和光氧化的伤害。
Plant phenolics (flavanoids) protect the plant against insects, bacterial and fungal infection and photo-oxidation.
这些LM系统通过由细菌和植物组成的系统对废水进行过滤回收。
These Living Machines recycle wastewater by filtering it through a system of bacteria and plants.
所有的生命形式可以划分为三大类：真核生物(包括植物，动物，真菌，以及其他生物)、细菌以及古生菌。
All of life can be divided into three domains: Eukarya (including plants, animals, fungi, and other organisms) Bacteria, and Archaea.
分解浮游植物的细菌耗尽了水中的氧气，使动物窒息；
The bacteria that decompose the phytoplankton deplete the oxygen in the water, suffocating animal life;
在应用这种技术时，科学家们使用导致植物肿瘤的细菌中的原生质。
In this technique, scientists use the plasmid from a bacterium that causes tumors on plants.
动植物死亡后，被微生物分解；黏菌随后会吞食掉许多细菌，释放出他们的营养物质供其他有机体生长。
When plants and animals die, microbes break them down; slime molds then devour many of the bacteria, releasing their nutrients for other organisms to grow on.
已经知道一些光合细菌能够利用红外光，但是和植物和蓝细菌不同，这些微生物光合的时候不能产生氧气。
Some photosynthetic bacteria are known to use infrared light, but—in contrast to plants andcyanobacteria—these microorganisms do not produce oxygen.
低含氧量导致细菌滋长，这些细菌会破坏硝酸盐——海洋微生物及浮游植物的重要营养物质之一。
Low oxygen levels encourage the growth of bacteria that destroy nitrate - a vital nutrient for the ocean's microscopic plants, or phytoplankton.
细菌的发酵作用有助于分解消化道内的植物纤维，但由于大象平均每天要吃150公斤左右的植物，其中约有60%都是直接排出体外。
Bacterial fermentation helps to break cellulose down in the digestive tract, but of pachyderms' average daily intake of 150kg or so of plant matter, about 60% passes right through.
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