细菌合成叶酸的机制对想要设计更强大的抗细菌药物的科学家来说有着特别的兴趣。
The mechanics behind how bacteria make folate are of particular interest to scientists who want to design more powerful antibacterial drugs.
这表明细菌的化学合成并不是这些生物的充足营养来源。
This suggests that bacterial chemosynthesis is not a sufficient source of nutrition for these creatures.
而细菌呢，有点像通过化学合成的方式来为管虫提供食物，记得之前讲过的化学作用吧。
The bacteria, well the bacteria kind of feed the tubeworms through chemosynthesis, remember, that chemical reaction I described earlier.
现在的科技可以随意合成冗长的DNA链，这意味着我们已经能够复制病毒的基因组，而细菌基因组的复制也指日可待。
The ability to synthesise huge screeds of DNA at will means the genomes of viruses can be replicated already, and replicating those of bacteria is not far off.
文特尔的研究小组使用了合成基因组激活了世界上第一个人造细菌细胞。
Venter’s team uses a synthetic genome to boot up the world’s first man-made bacterial cell.
为了创造一个他所认为的人造生命，他剥离出一个细菌，然后给它注入一组合成基因。
He is stripping out a bacterium, and then refilling it with a synthesised genome to create what he considers to be artificial life.
这个前景是美好的，因为从细菌到牛都可以用来合成荧光蛋白质。
A tantalizing prospect because almost any organism, from a bacterium to a cow, can be programmed to synthesize GFP.
合成染色体公司对该公司具体在研究哪种分子产品讳莫如深，但文特博士的兴趣之一就是利用改造过的细菌生产燃料。
Synthetic Genomics itself is a bit cagey about exactly which molecular products it is working on, but one of Dr Venter's interests is in using modified bacteria to make fuels.
接着，用这种细菌来感染烟草叶，这种蛋白在烟草叶中就会大量的合成。
Next, you infect the tobacco plant with the bacterium. Inside the plant, the protein is produced in large quantities.
接着，他一个接一个地把细菌的基因去除，看看那些是不必需的，想做出一个更小的生命体并用来做合成的模型。
He then knocked out the bacterium's genes one by one to see which it could live without, in the hope of making a yet smaller organism he could then use as a model for synthesis.
假如出现一个家酿合成生物俱乐部，会意外制造出一个真的病毒或细菌吗？
What if a home-brew synthetic-biology club were accidentally to launch a real virus or bacterium?
在这个背景下，给予细菌的合成基因授予专利是合理的。
In this context patenting an artificial genome for a bacterium seems reasonable.
他位于圣迭戈的合成基因组公司计划将这种新的细菌注册专利。
His company, Synthetic Genomics, based in San Diego, plans to patent the new bug.
在一项新的合成生物学实验中，为数不多的几个与生存性命攸关的细菌基因已经成功的为人造基因所替代。
A handful of bacterial genes crucial to survival were successfully replaced by artificial ones in a new synthetic-biology experiment.
阿米瑞斯生物技术公司开始运行时大规模使用也被称作合成生物技术的基因工程来培养能够制作治疗疟疾的药物的细菌。
Amyris started off using large-scale genetic engineering, also known as synthetic biology, to create bugs that make a malaria drug.
一种细菌在这种情况下继续繁殖，而检测证实这种生命用砷代替了缺乏的磷合成了它们的DNA。
One bacterial strain continued to thrive. And tests confirmed that the organisms compensated for the lack of phosphorus by building their DNA with arsenic instead.
溃疡分枝杆菌基因组测序已导致鉴定生成细菌内酯的基因，揭示细菌内酯是如何合成的。
Sequencing the M. ulcerans genome has led to the identification of the genes that produce mycolactone, revealing how mycolactone is synthesized.
古生菌，比如链球菌，将DNA转录成蛋白质会非常困难——实际上与细菌相比，古生菌的蛋白质合成过程与人类的蛋白质合成过程更相似。
An archaean converts DNA into proteins very differently from, say, streptococcus-in fact, protein synthesis in archaea is more similar to the human process than to bacteria.
今天我们发现了一种制造更“绿色”轮胎的方法，即通过利用基因改良的细菌来生物合成异戊二烯。
Now a way has been found to make greener tyres by using genetically modified bugs to produce isoprene biologically.
显微镜会用于生物学研究来观察合成细菌标本的培育，然后将标本用于制造出一种与所研究的疾病有关的治疗方法吗？
Could a microscope be used in the study of biology to watch the development of a specimen of synthetic bacteria and then the specimen is used to create a treatment for the disease being studied?
由细菌、真菌和水藻的活细胞制成的全新合成生命体，或者说生物机器，将随时根据建筑中居民的需要而生长进化。
Entirely new synthetic life forms, or biological machines, made of engineered living cells from bacteria, fungi and algae will grow and evolve with the changing needs of a building's inhabitants.
借助计算机代码和四瓶化学品，文特尔的实验室通过合成和组装，创造了最大的人造dna结构，即细菌582970 -碱基对的基因组。
Using a computer code and four bottles of chemicals, Venter's lab creates the largest man-made DNA structure by synthesizing and assembling the 582,970-base-pair genome of a bacterium.
然而当年，当研究人员试图将合成的细菌基因组移植出酵母到受体细菌细胞时，所有的实验均告失败。
However, when the team attempted to transplant the synthetic bacterial genome out of yeast into a recipient bacterial cell, all the experiments failed.
在实验室，他们将共同生活在同一微生物环境里基因相似的细菌组合成一组。
In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat.
自养生物：一种能够从无机物质如光或化学能量中合成出自身食物的有机体。绿色植物，海藻及某些细菌都是自养生物。
Autotroph: an organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances using light or chemical energy. green plants algae and certain bacteria are autotrophs.
细菌纤维素是一种新型生物合成原料，它有许多优于植物纤维的特点。
Bacterial cellulose is a new kind of biologic compound material and it has many advantages more excellent than foliage fiber.
亲水特性传授给疏水基合成聚酯纤维等，通过孵化与醋中的衬底存在细菌培养基。
Hydrophilic characteristics are imparted to hydrophobic synthetic substrates, such as polyester fibers, by incubating a culture medium with Acetobacter bacterium in the presence of the substrate.
由细菌或其他的生物体合成化学制品的过程。
The production of a chemical by bacteria or other living organisms.
由细菌或其他的生物体合成化学制品的过程。
The production of a chemical by bacteria or other living organisms.
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