同其它种类的黏菌混在一起时，他们更有可能变成孢子而不是死去的柄细胞。
If they are mixed with other strains, they are more likely to end up as spores than as dead stalk cells.
柔韧性假单胞菌的一些集合具有直壁或极弱的多孔上部叶细胞。
There are some collections of P. flexilis with straight-walled or very weakly porose upper leaf cells.
最近，纽芬兰岛海岸的海床之下1.6千米深处取出的砂心泥中，发现了活着的细胞，其中很多是热球菌纲火球菌属的古菌。
Recently, living cells - many of which are Archaea from the Pyrococcus and Thermococcus genera - were found in a mud core taken from 1.6 km below the sea floor off the coast of Newfoundland.
但需要特别注意的是：他只是统计了真核生物，也就是那些细胞相对复杂的动物，而把细菌以及古生菌排除在外了。
But there are some important caveats: it counts only the eukaryotes, that is, critters with relatively complex cells.
在酵母菌里，事实上这五种基因在一起干着一件完全无关的任务：修补细胞壁。
In yeast, it turns out, these five genes work together on a completely unrelated task: fixing cell walls.
用沙门氏菌培养这些癌细胞可以有效地使得身体的免疫细胞“侦察”到它们，然后开始攻击。
Treating these cancer cells with salmonella effectively makes them "visible" to the body's immune cells and therefore open to attack.
生物燃料产生者利用蛋白质把植物细胞内的碳水化合物分解成一种可以被酶菌食用的粘稠状单糖混合物。
Biofuel producers use the proteins to break down the complex carbohydrates in plant cells into a soup - like mixture of simple sugars that yeast can eat.
虽然，像细菌一样，古生菌也没有细胞核，但是它们与你我这样的真核生物具有其他共同的特性。
While, like bacteria, archaeans don't have a cell nucleus, they share other traits with eukaryotes like you and me.
数据库里又输入了67种酵母菌用来修补细胞壁的基因。
Their database had a total of 67 genes that fix cell walls in yeast.
古生菌还具有完全与细菌和真核生物不同的细胞膜。
Archaeans have cell membranes that are completely different from both bacteria and eukaryotes.
最终，非细胞黏菌也会产生孢子。他们会形成数万条柄，覆盖在顶端的孢子将随风飘散。
Eventually, acellular slime molds also make spores. They produce tens of thousands of stalks, and the spores that cap them blow away in the wind.
庞大的非细胞黏菌则采取不同的策略，他们大面积地铺展开来，在整个表面产生孢子。
The giant acellular slime molds chose a different strategy, spreading their bodies across huge areas, and making spores across their entire surface.
这个染剂会被已经死亡的沙门氏菌细胞吸收，这样PCR检测便能忽略死亡细胞。
The dye is absorbed by dead salmonella cells; thus, the PCR test can ignore the dead cells.
最终，非细胞黏菌也会产生孢子。
对于该菌不会滋生的某些食品，制定了最高限量，而对于产单核细胞李斯特菌可能滋生的即食食品，则不允许含有这种细菌。
A maximum level was set for certain food products where the bacteria cannot grow, while in ready-to-eat products where growth is possible, no Listeria monocytogenes will be allowed.
科学家发现用沙门氏菌培养肿瘤可引发免疫反应，从而有效的杀死癌细胞-并能阻止其生长。
Scientists have discovered that treating tumours with the Salmonella bacteria can induce an immune response that effectively kills cancer cells - and also vaccinates against further growth.
一些种类的黏菌千上万个个体聚集起来，形成可以爬行的多细胞体。
Some species gather by the thousands to form multicellular bodies that can crawl.
张认为这种信号侦察是一种抑菌机制：我们细胞监测CSF作为检测和应付肠道菌群重要变化的方法。
Chang thinks of this signal detection as a kind of "bacteriostat" mechanism: our cells are monitoring CSF as a way of detecting and adapting to important changes in the gut flora.
委员会通过了用于对即食食品中产单核细胞李斯特菌进行微生物检测和环境监测的参数。
The Commission adopted parameters for microbiological testing and environmental monitoring for Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat food.
绿茶的混合物有助于细菌的生长，众所周知的醋菌属可以生产细胞质膜（纤维素）的细丝。
The green tea mixture helps encourage the bacteria, known as Acetobacter, to produce the cellulose filaments.
这个分支叫做细胞黏菌(cellular slime molds)，因为其孢子和柄由许多细胞组成。
Its branch is known as the cellular slime molds, because its spore and stalk are made out of many cells.
本文研究的是一种通过原生质体融合技术构建出的细胞工程菌。
In this paper, the strain is cell engineering bacteria, which constructed by the way of protoplast fusion.
即食食品中的产单核细胞李斯特菌。
该实验室发现，如果这些蛋白质不能正确排列，沙门氏菌将和其他致病菌一样，不能将自己“注入”宿主细胞并掌控宿主细胞功能。
If the proteins do not line up properly, Salmonella, as well as many other bacterial pathogens, cannot "inject" them into host cells to commandeer host cell functions, the lab has found.
研究者用基因工程的大肠埃希菌细胞生产荧光素酶作为AHL浓度函数。
The investigators used genetically engineered E. coli cells to produce luciferase as a function of AHL concentration.
显微镜观察表明在烟草发根的维管束中柱鞘细胞、水稻根皮层细胞内和细胞间隙有根瘤菌存在。
The observation under microscope showed that the rhizobia were present in percycle cells of vascular system of the tobacco hairy roots and in cortex cells and intercellular spaces of rice roots.
单核细胞增多性李斯特菌是一种可致严重疾病甚至死亡的致病菌。
Listeria monocytogenes is a type of pathogenic bacteria that can cause severe illness and death.
PAS染色显示舌表面上念珠菌的出芽细胞和假菌丝。
PAS stain reveals the budding cells and pseudohyphae of Candida on the surface of the tongue.
在实验室之前的研究当中发现到噬细胞在吞入活胞浆菌之后会进行细胞凋亡。
Work from our laboratory has shown that macrophages undergo apoptosis after taking up viable Histoplasma yeasts.
在实验室之前的研究当中发现到噬细胞在吞入活胞浆菌之后会进行细胞凋亡。
Work from our laboratory has shown that macrophages undergo apoptosis after taking up viable Histoplasma yeasts.
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