迄今为止，西方学者对盈余管理度量模型进行了大量的研究，证实了盈余管理的存在，但是许多研究结论还是出现了较大的差异。
So far, Western scholars to measure earnings management model for a lot of research confirmed the existence of earnings management, but many conclusion of the study or a larger difference.
那么，您如何管理并度量面向您的企业的IT治理解决方案的有效性呢？
So, how do you manage and measure the effectiveness of your IT governance solution for your business?
那么，您如何管理并度量面向您的企业的IT治理解决方案的有效性呢？
So, how do you manage and measure the effectiveness of your IT governance solution for your business?
有制作和整理杂货店清单的应用软件，能转换度量单位，衡量反复食谱，并且管理多个厨房定时器。
There are apps that make and organize grocery lists, convert units of measurement, scale recipes up and down, and manage multiple kitchen timers.
正是通过这些里程碑，管理可以度量进度和质量，因此可以预见、确定风险，并且然后积极地将风险系在一个正在进行的基础上。
It is through these milestones that management can measure progress and quality, and hence anticipate, identify, and then actively attach risks on an ongoing basis.
如果您不能度量每件事情的重要性，则部分度量就很有可能转为本地管理。
If you cannot measure everything that is important, partial measurements are very likely to turn into local management.
第四，退货管理的度量与绩效预期必须在跨职能部门和整个供应链战略中协调一致。
Fourth, metrics and performance expectations for returns management must be aligned across functional areas and with overall supply chain strategy.
本地管理倾向于创建本地性能度量。
Local management tends to create local measurements of performance.
本文指出了这些排放，并为如何度量、跟踪和管理它们提供建议。
This paper clearly articulates what those emissions are, and to measure, track, and manage them.
企业必须实现业务与IT服务管理的集成视图，以便能够进行度量和交付响应变更。
The enterprise must achieve an integrated view of business and IT service management so that measurement and responsive change can be delivered.
本文指出了这些排放，并为如何度量、跟踪和管理它们提供建议。
This paper articulates what those emissions are, and suggests how you can measure, track, and manage them.
在为门户管理定义清晰的模型之前，您需要知道如何度量组织中的企业准备情况。
So, before you can define a clear model for portal governance you need to know how to measure enterprise readiness within the organization.
现在，您将了解如何使用管理控制台和脚本编程接口来启用和利用请求度量工具。
Now you see how to enable and leverage the Request Metrics tool using the administrative console and the scripting interface.
相互关系被更好地理解，输出被更为详细地度量，过程管理是前摄的，且结果在性质上是可预测的。
The relationships are better understood, output is measured with a greater level of detail, the process is managed proactively, and the outcomes are qualitatively predictable.
例如，使用配置管理工具来跟踪代码版本，从而可以跟踪更改和保持度量。
For example, use configuration management tools to keep track of versions of code, allowing you to track changes and keep metrics.
如果没有正确的策略和步骤，没有度量性能的参考点，技术自身将脱离管理团队。
Without the right policies and procedures in place, technology alone will leave your management team without a point of reference for measuring performance.
风险管理目标是度量并控制风险，使风险减小到指定的可接受的级别。
The risk management goal is to measure and control risks so that risks can be mitigated to a specified acceptable level.
在您的组织、IT基础设施和度量管理团队声明的性能目标中，什么是能力？
What are the capabilities within your organization, in your it infrastructure and in measuring the performance goals stated by your management team?
本文将关注估算对管理的度量及控制部件的偏差的影响。
This paper will focus on the impact of estimation variance on the measurement and control component of governance.
可以围绕性能目标构建管理(主要)，但是您需要某种级别的基础设施和工具才能度量性能。
Governance can be built around performance goals (primarily), but you need some level of infrastructure and tooling to measure performance.
支持更改管理——例如，客户希望添加新的度量。
Support for change management - for example, the customer wants to add a new metric.
这些环境方便了度量收集和状态报告，并使围绕配置管理的构建管理和日志自动化。
These environments facilitate and automate metrics collection and status reporting and automate build management and bookkeeping around configuration management.
我们想象同其它类型评估(商业过程，价值链，管理，架构，度量)的相互作用，将更加全面的影响组织的价值。
We envision cross-fertilization with other kinds of assessments (business process, value chain, management, architecture, and metrics) to impact more completely the value for the organization.
当您被迫进行手工的度量标准收集、分析和管理时，简单的度量标准减少了复杂性。
Simple metrics reduce the complexity when you're forced to do manual metrics collection, analysis, and management.
这些例子具体说明了项目管理指标(度量)，测试指标，以及软件设计指标。
Example specifications for project management indicators (measures), test indicators, and software design indicators.
作为有效管理工具的度量。
参与调查者还选择了以下电力冷却方案：服务或者存储虚拟化、服务器负载平衡、电力度量工具以及资产管理。
For power cooling solutions the responded chose: server or storage virtualization, server load balancing, power measurement tools and asset management.
在每个阶段中，IBMRational团队及企业的业务和IT管理人员密切合作，设置并度量项目的目标及目的，以确保成功。
Within each phase, the IBM Rational team and the enterprise's business and it managers work closely to set and measure the goals and objectives of the project to ensure success.
应该在团队层面利用这些度量数据，而不能分享给管理人员。
Measurements should be captured at the team level but not Shared with the management.
应该在团队层面利用这些度量数据，而不能分享给管理人员。
Measurements should be captured at the team level but not Shared with the management.
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