端粒酶是一种只在活跃分裂的细胞中产生的酶。
Telomerase is an enzyme that is produced only in cells that are actively dividing.
总有一天，我们也许能够利用端粒酶使任何细胞保持活力，使其正常工作并永久地自我复制。
Someday we may be able to take any cell and keep it alive functioning and reproducing itself essentially forever through the use of telomerase.
但当我们用化学方法分析这些细胞时，我们发现了一些非常有趣的东西，其中有一种化学物质，是一种叫做端粒酶的酶。
But when we analyze these cells chemically, we find something very interesting, a chemical in them, an enzyme called telomerase.
布莱克本又和格莱·德尔一起发现了端粒酶。
到目前为止，端粒酶似乎是问题的关键。
他们的发现解释了染色体末端是怎样得到端粒的保护，而端粒是在端粒酶的作用下形成的。
These discoveries explained how the ends of the chromosomes are protected by the telomeres and that they are built by telomerase.
这样的结果就是，除了胆固醇降低了，压力减少了，他们的端粒酶增加29%。
The results? Besides a decrease in LDL cholesterol and stress levels, they showed a 29 percent rise in telomerase.
但是，如果端粒酶非常活跃的话，端粒的长度得以维持，而细胞则能保持年轻。
But if the telomerase enzyme is very active, telomere lengths are maintained and cells are kept young.
发现端粒酶水平与精神压力性疾病之间的关系，只是我们对这些做妈妈的人的研究结果之一。
One of the things that came out of our study of these mothers is a link between low telomerase and stress-related diseases.
科学家不可能通过增加人体中的端粒酶数量来逆转人体老化的过程。
Scientists are unlikely to reverse the ageing process by boosting telomerase in people's bodies.
“一些人认为端粒酶并没有那么重要，”这项研究的首席作者，白首的威廉·哈恩说。
"Some people believed that telomerase wasn't that important," says the Whitehead's William Hahn, the study's lead author.
但是如果造出大量端粒酶的话，可以推迟细胞的死亡。
But, cell death is delayed if a lot of the enzyme telomerase is produced.
但一种被称为端粒酶的酶类则可以逆转这个过程；癌细胞之所以不死，其中便有端粒酶的部分功劳。
But there's an enzyme called telomerase that reverses this process; it's one of the reasons cancer cells live so long.
正如人们所了解的，端粒酶因其能够保护端粒，从而阻止DNA链的分离，就像鞋带末端的塑料能防止其受到磨损。
Telomerase is known to protect telomeres which stop the string of DNA unravelling much like the plastic tips at the ends of shoelaces stop fraying.
基因对端粒酶水平是起了一定作用，但这个实验所观察的并非基因的问题，这完全是身体以外的因素对身体带来的影响，其影响的结果就是端粒的自我修复水平。
Genes play a role in telomerase levels, but this was not genes. This was something impacting the body that came from the outside and affecting its ability to repair itself.
相反，如果端粒酶一直保持较高的活力，则端粒的长度就能保持下去，而细胞衰老的进程就会被推迟，这种情形可见于癌细胞：一类属于永生的细胞。
Conversely, if telomerase activity is high, telomere length is maintained, and cellular senescence is delayed. This is the case in cancer cells, which can be considered to have eternal life.
我们是否可以试着用端粒酶来处理正常的非癌细胞呢？
So why not treat regular non-cancerous cells with telomerase?
我们对心血管疾病的某些指标——包括血脂水平、肥胖证等等——也进行过分析，结果发现患有这些病症的女性，其端粒酶水平也较低。
We looked at the measures for cardiovascular disease - bad lipid profiles, obesity, all that stuff. The women with those had low telomerase.
而端粒酶顾名思义，就是生成端粒的那种酶。
这几位获奖者已经证明，染色体解决上述问题的奥妙就在于染色体末端的端粒（telomer）以及形成端粒的酶——端粒酶。
The Nobel Laureates have shown that the solution is to be found in the ends of the chromosomes the telomeres - and in an enzyme that forms them - telomerase.
她惊奇地发现，端粒酶与寿命并不存在相关性。
To her surprise, she found no correlation between telomerase and longevity.
另外的遗传性的疾病能够影响皮肤和肺部同样也是由端粒酶缺失所引起。
Other inherited diseases that affect the skin and the lungs appear also to be caused by telomerase defects.
端粒酶活性的抑制可以导致细胞的衰老和死亡。
Inhibition of telomerase activity leads the cells to senescence and death.
端粒酶一直和癌症联系在一起的，而且有可能有许多其它的相关机制老化。
Telomerase has been linked with cancer, and there are likely to be many other mechanisms involved in ageing.
如果160磅的人类必须通过放弃端粒酶来阻挠癌症的发生，那么海里250,000磅的鲸鱼有将如何来控制它们得癌症的几率呢？
If a 160-pound human must give up telomerase to thwart cancer, then what does a 250,000-pound whale have to do to keep its risk of cancer at bay?
目的探讨人端粒酶逆转录酶在妊娠滋养细胞疾病中的表达及其临床意义。
Objective To investigate the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase in gestational trophoblastic diseases and its clinical significance.
例如，一些科学研究表明，癌细胞利用端粒酶增长失控。
For example, some research suggests that cancer cells use telomerase to grow uncontrollably.
我很想找出它们所表达的端粒酶是什么类型的，并找出它们又是如何对抗癌的。
I'd like to find out what kind of telomerase expression they have, and find out what else they use to combat cancer.
我很想找出它们所表达的端粒酶是什么类型的，并找出它们又是如何对抗癌的。
I'd like to find out what kind of telomerase expression they have, and find out what else they use to combat cancer.
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