第二章是文章的主体部分，主要描述立法议案制度的运作概况，发现这一过程中的主要问题，揭示问题产生的原因；
The second chapter is the body of the text that describes the operation of bill system, discovers the main problems and quest for the reasons contribute to it;
立法议案的制度规定有一定的瓶颈效应，客观上会影响到立法议案能否进入立法程序以及立法议案在立法程序中的最终命运。
The rule of bill system, which has some bottleneck effect and objectively affects whether or not the bill will enter into legislation process and its ultimate fate.
目前大多数可能被采纳的反水烟立法议案都倾向于通过改变州室内禁烟法对水烟网开一面的条例，结束水烟吧因此而四处泛滥的局面。
Most of the anti-hookah laws now under consideration are intended to end exemptions in state indoor-smoking bans that allowed hookah bars to thrive.
一般来说，这样的项目都是立法机关之间相互投赞成票所通过的议案结果。
Often, such projects are the result of legislative log-rolling.
罗森塔尔还说道，与会时间比较长的立法机构易于陷入长时间的僵持局面，而直到会议行将结束时，他们所有的议案才会在嘈杂混乱中被匆匆通过。
And, says Mr Rosenthal, state legislatures with long sessions tend to spend most of the time deadlocked, until the end of the session approaches and they pass all their bills in a chaotic rush.
新泽西州议员弗兰克·劳滕伯格从去年起就提出修订议案，并在今年引入立法希望推出《2011年安全化学品法案》。
Updating a proposal from last year, Senator Frank R. Lautenberg of New Jersey introduced legislation this year to create the Safe Chemicals Act of 2011.
如同众议院立法，参议院议案提出了新的保险交易方式并禁止保险公司拒绝为有既往病史的人承保。
As with the House legislation, the Senate bill creates new insurance exchanges and stops insurers from denying coverage to people with pre-existing conditions.
FDA建议彻底修正已过时的1906年《食品和药品法》。从第一项议案提交给参议院开始，开始了一场为期五年的立法之战。
FDA recommends a complete revision of the obsolete 1906 Food and Drugs Act. The first bill is introduced into the Senate, launching a five-year legislative battle.
在能源问题上，众院去年通过了由威克·斯曼与马基提出的“排放总量限制与交易”议案，但参院有关立法与此几乎没有相似之处。
As for energy, the Senate legislation bears little resemblance to the cap-and-trade bill steered through the House last year by Henry Waxman and Edward Markey.
这项议案是刚刚达成共识的，期间还发生了戏剧性的一幕，几天的讨价还价导致奥巴马和他的首席幕僚在国会大厦催促参议院迅速推进相关立法。
Agreement was reached only after several days of horse-trading that caused dramatic scenes in the Capitol as Obama and his top staff urged the Senate to move the legislation forward.
2007年，试图立法的环境组织和公司创建了USCAP，提出了“总量管制和排放交易”议案，和维克斯曼——马基议案很相似。
In 2007 a group called USCAP, made up of environmental organisations and companies that wanted legislation, proposed a cap-and-trade bill, and Waxman-Markey looks a lot like their proposal.
就像在美国国会山，立法委员们通常不会对一项公众不感兴趣的议案或是与就业、财政预算无关的话题投入过多精力。
Similarly, on Capitol Hill, legislators are reluctant to devote energy to an issue that hasn’t grabbed the public’s attention and isn’t tied directly to U.S. jobs or the budget.
就像在美国国会山，立法委员们通常不会对一项公众不感兴趣的议案或是与就业、财政预算无关的话题投入过多精力。
Similarly, on Capitol Hill, legislators are reluctant to devote energy to an issue that hasn't grabbed the public's attention and isn't tied directly to U.S. jobs or the budget.
议会明年必须通过立法来制订产业收费标准来支持药品的评审，此议案是解决药品安全性问题的媒介。
Congress must pass legislation next year to renew industry fees that help fund drug reviews, and that bill could be a vehicle for addressing drug safety issues.
议会一向以其效率低下著称，像提议前复兴党人重返文职工作这样的议案正因为缺乏相关的立法而长期搁置。
Parliament is notorious for the slowness of its procedures, with bills like those calling on former Ba'athists to resume their jobs in the civil service gathering dust from lack of proper legislation.
议会一向以其效率低下著称，像提议前复兴党人重返文职工作这样的议案正因为缺乏相关的立法而长期搁置。
Parliament is notorious for the slowness of its procedures, with bills like those calling on former Ba'athists to resume their jobs in the civil service gathering dust from lack of proper legislation.
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