第一个立方卫星是在2000年代初创建的，目的是使斯坦福大学的研究生能够设计、建造、测试和操作具有与苏联人造卫星类似功能的航天器。
The first Cube Sat was created in the early 2000s, as a way of enabling Stanford graduate students to design, build, test and operate a spacecraft with similar capabilities to the USSR's Sputnik.
木星的卫星木卫一全是岩石，其密度为每立方厘米3.5克。
Jupiter's moon Io, whose density is 3.5 grams per cubic centimetre, is all rock.
例如，亚利桑那州立大学的一个研究小组最近声称，他们开发的小型立方体卫星进入轨道的成本可能只有3000美元。
For instance, a research group here at Arizona State University recently claimed their developmental small Cube Sats could cost as little as $3,000 to put in orbit.
这里的“立方体”只是指卫星的形状。
作为一个志愿者组织，业余卫星组织将“业余”卫星送入轨道的时间比现在的立方体卫星热潮早了几十年。
As an organization of volunteers, AMSAT was putting "amateur" satellites in orbit decades before the current Cube Sat craze.
在过去的几十年里，一种独特的卫星应运而生：立方体卫星。
Over the past few decades a unique class of satellites has been created that fits the bill: CubeSats.
在一个仅是从货架上就能买到立方体卫星装备的时代，我们怎么能相信头顶上的卫星是那些知道自己所为的人出于善意开发的呢？
In an era when you can simply buy a CubeSat kit off the shelf, how can we trust the satellites over our heads were developed with good intentions by people who knew what they were doing?
由于立方体卫星体积小、重量轻，将它们送入地球轨道的成本比传统通信或GPS卫星要低得多。
Because they're so small and light, it costs much less to get a CubeSat into Earth's orbit than a traditional communications or GPS satellite.
由于立方体卫星如此小而轻，与传统通讯或GPS卫星相比，将它送入地球轨道的成本要低得多。
Because they're so small and light, it costs much less to get a Cube Sat into Earth's orbit than a traditional communications or GPS satellite.
从那以后，NASA、美国国家侦察局甚至波音公司都发射并运行过立方体卫星。
Since then, NASA, the National Reconnaissance Office and even Boeing have all launched and operated Cube Sats.
NASA计划以其未来大部分逃离地球的载荷（特别是前往月球和火星的）来运载立方体卫星。
NASA plans for most of its future Earth-escaping payloads (to the moon and Mars especially) to carry Cube Sats.
正如报告的作者所指出的，即使是差之毫末也可能导致“产生一个繁重的监管框架，并影响科学立方体卫星的未来部署”。
As the report authors point out, even near-misses might lead to the "creation of a burdensome regulatory framework and affect the future disposition of science Cube Sats".
作为一个志愿者组织，国际业余卫星组织在当前立方体卫星热潮之前的几十年前就在将“业余”卫星送入轨道。
As an organization of volunteers, AMSAT was putting "amateur" satellites in orbit decades before the current CubeSat craze.
目前，立方体卫星数量不多，都在密切跟踪之下。
Currently, there aren't many CubeSats and they're tracked closely.
你可以从货架上直接买到一套立方体卫星设备。
报告也承认，广泛部署近地轨道立方体卫星并不是零风险的。
It also acknowledges that widespread deployment of LEO CubeSats isn't risk-free.
即使存在限制，一些有创意的开发人员也有可能将立方体卫星技术往有害的方向发展。
Even with constraints, it is possible for some creative developers to take the CubeSat technology in directions that result in harmful outcomes.
立方体卫星在对太空科学作出重大贡献的同时，也可能对其他太空飞行器造成危害。
While making significant contributions to space science, CubeSats may pose hazards to other space vehicles.
例如，亚利桑那州立大学的一个研究小组最近称，只需3000美元就能把他们开发的小型立方体卫星送入轨道。
For instance, a research group here at Arizona State University recently claimed their developmental small CubeSats could cost as little as $3,000 to put in orbit.
美国国家科学院的报告强调了立方体卫星在科学发现和培养未来空间科学家和工程师方面的重要性。
The National Academy of Sciences report emphasizes CubeSats' importance in scientific discovery and the training of future space scientists and engineers.
它们可以到达更远的轨道；美国国家航空航天局计划在其未来的大部分发射任务（尤其是去月球和火星的）中携带立方体卫星。
They can attain more distant orbits; NASA plans for most of its future earth escaping payloads (to the moon and Mars especially) to carry CubeSats.
与单独使用一颗立方体卫星相比，多颗卫星可以组合部署用于更复杂的任务。
Multiples can be deployed in combination for more complex missions than could be achieved by one CubeSat alone.
美国宇航局免费发射立方体卫星以供教育和研究之用。
NASA offers to launch CubeSats free of charge for educational and research purposes.
从那时起，美国国家航空航天局、国家侦察局甚至波音公司都发射并运行了立方体卫星。
Since then, NASA, the National Reconnaissance Office and even Boeing have all launched and operated CubeSats.
正如报告作者所指出的，即使是侥幸成功，也可能导致“产生一个沉重的监管框架，并影响科学立方体卫星的未来部署。”
As the report authors point out, even near-misses might lead to the "creation of a burdensome regulatory framework and affect the future disposition of science CubeSats."
立方体卫星（CubeSat）的研究人员认为，由于有机会进入属于自己的小宇宙空间的人前所未有地多了起来，现在是时候考虑一下其带来的意料及计划外的后果了。
CubeSat researchers suggest that now's the time to ponder unexpected and unintended possible consequences of more people than ever having access to their own small slice of space.
这个团队正在计划在2011年春季将八个这样的口袋大小的立方体卫星搭载在俄罗斯的弹道火箭上发射升空。
The team is planning to launch eight of these pocket cubes packed inside a launcher on a Russian ballistic missile by spring of 2011.
他并不熟悉另一项为立方体卫星设计的电力推进系统。
He is not aware of another electric propulsion system designed for CubeSats.
但是这些系统都要求许多推进剂或推进燃料，并且没有缩小到立方体卫星合适的大小。
But the systems require a lot of propellant, or fuel, and haven't been miniaturized to the scale appropriate for a CubeSat.
但是这些系统都要求许多推进剂或推进燃料，并且没有缩小到立方体卫星合适的大小。
But the systems require a lot of propellant, or fuel, and haven't been miniaturized to the scale appropriate for a CubeSat.
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