放射性物质由很多不稳定原子构成。
Radioactive materials are composed of atoms that are unstable.
每个元素至少有一个同位素不稳定原子核可以进行放射性衰变。
Each element has at least one isotope with unstable nuclei that can undergo radioactive decay.
不稳定原子在达到稳定状态前，需要释放出自身多余的能量，这一能量即辐射。
An unstable atom gives off its excess energy until it becomes stable. The energy emitted is radiation.
“这些生物从一个我们从未想到的来源获取能量，”McKay惊叹，“南非的极端微生物细菌吃的是岩石里不稳定原子衰变时的放射能。”
"These creatures get their energy from sources we never imagined," McKay exclaims. "the South African extremophile bacteria are powered by the radioactive decay of unstable atoms in the rocks."
在水中大多数氢原子和氧原子是稳定的，但这两个元素也有微量以较重的同位素形式存在。
Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes.
在这个原子钟的装置里，它们还是太不稳定了，不能靠自身确保时间。
At the esoteric edge of the timekeeper's craft, they are too wobbly to keep time by themselves.
这么大的原子核不可能是稳定的，但在足够长的时间内，在真空附近组装一个原子核以观察真空的衰变是可能的。
A nucleus that large cannot be stable, but it might be possible to assemble one next to a vacuum for long enough to observe the decay of the vacuum.
但是，许多研究人员认为甚至更重的元素也可能占据一个可以让超重原子坚持了一段时间“稳定岛”。
But many researchers think it is possible that even heavier elements may occupy an “island of stability” in which superheavy atoms stick around for a while.
不稳定的原子释放出多余的能量，直到变得稳定。
An unstable atom gives off its excess energy until it becomes stable.
三位科学家开发了一个被称为钯催化交叉偶联的过程，一种使碳原子紧密结合在一起的方法，因此，它们就可以为有机分子形成一个稳定的“框架”。
The trio developed a process known as palladium-catalysed cross coupling, a means of knitting carbon atoms together so that they form a stable "skeleton" for organic molecules.
因此看到ALPHA装置，并知道其中有稳定、中性的反物质原子，非常值得兴奋而又令人无法抵抗。
It is thus very rewarding, and a bit overwhelming, to look at the ALPHA device and know that it contains stable, neutral atoms of antimatter.
原子通过辐射由不稳定状态转变为更加稳定状态的过程称为放射性衰变或放射性。
The process by which an atom changes from an unstable state to a more stable state by emitting radiation is called radioactive decay or radioactivity.
当原子不稳定时，会具有放射性。
在1916年的论文中，G·N·刘易斯(G . N . Lewis)和W·科塞尔(w .Kossel)都指出，这些原子的电子构型非常稳定。
In their 1916 papers, both G. N. Lewis and W. Kossel pointed to the electron configurations of these elements as especially stable.
这种原子通过释放射线从不稳定状态变到更加稳定的状态的过程被称为核衰减或放射。
The process by which an atom changes from an unstable state to a morestable state by emittingradiation is called radioactive decay or radioactivity.
那么，如果我们放出了能量，你认为氯离子比氯原子，更稳定还是更不稳定呢？
So, if we have energy that's released, would you say that the chlorine ion is more or less stable than the chlorine atom?
有些可能的试剂非常不稳定，需在低温下使用，但是，如果一个原子的几乎是惰性的气体消除了，就能够让化学过程简化多了。
Some of the potential reagents are very fragile and will need to be used at cryogenic temperatures, but the elimination of an atom of an almost inert gas can simplify the chemistry.
福斯勒指出氢原子数量比氦原子或氧原子数量要多得多，但是它质量很小，很容易被太阳风吹散，从而不能被稳定地观测到。
Hydrogen atoms are more abundant than either helium or oxygen but their low mass means they are easily swept aside by the high-speed solar wind and can’t readily be detected.
当我们看一个薛定谔方程的时候，它给出一个稳定的氢原子，这是在经典力学中做不到的。
Also, when we're looking at the Schrodinger equation, it allows us to explain a stable hydrogen atom, which is something that classical mechanics did not allow us to do.
这个多出来的氧原子致使臭氧的性质与它的氧气亲戚截然不同——臭氧有毒，且稳定性更高。
This extra atom makes ozone behave differently than typical oxygen. Ozone is both poisonous and protective.
研究小组证实，1000万个反质子和7亿个正电子共形成38个稳定的反氢原子，每一个的存在时间只有短短十分之二秒左右。
Theteam proved that among their 10 million antiprotons and 700 million positrons, 38 stable atoms of antihydrogen were formed, lasting about two tenths of asecond each.
在此之前，2维碳原子片一直被认为是不稳定的。
Previously, two-dimensional carbon sheets weren't thought to be stable.
为了寻找更稳定的方法来储存量子信息，Awschalom已经计算出一个电子的旋转与附近氮原子核旋转的的联系。
In search of a more stable way to store quantum information, Awschalom has now figured out how to link the spin of a electron to the spin of the nearby nitrogen's nucleus.
原子有一个稳定的基态。
而碳原子相对稳定，所以科学家们施展化学技巧使碳原子之间更容易发生反应，让它们聚集在一起。
Carbon is boringly stable, so scientists deploy chemical tricks to make the atoms more reactive, allowing them to bind.
但他们指出，虫洞可能是不稳定的，或者强烈辐射和亚原子力周围的虫洞的入口会杀死任何人谁也不敢进去。
But they point out that wormholes might be unstable, or that intense radiation and sub-atomic forces surrounding the entrance to the wormhole would kill anyone who dared to enter.
标准模型认为，原子中原子核的组成部分—质子是稳定不变的，但是许多后标准模型理论却不支持这种观点。
The Standard Model says that protons, which help make up the nuclei of atoms, are stable, but many post-Standard Model theories disagree.
标准模型认为，原子中原子核的组成部分—质子是稳定不变的，但是许多后标准模型理论却不支持这种观点。
The Standard Model says that protons, which help make up the nuclei of atoms, are stable, but many post-Standard Model theories disagree.
应用推荐