唐朝通过科举制度在全国选出大批儒生为政府效力，而唐朝的政府体系在儒学官僚的支持下也日臻完善。
Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic.
唐朝通过科举制度在全国选出优秀的儒家文人为政府效力，而唐朝的政府体系在儒学官僚的支持下也日臻完善。
Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucracy.
流动的主要途径是科举制度。
科举制度向等级制度演变。
科举制度开始在秦代设置模式，是在未来两千年。
The imperial system initiated during the Qin dynasty set a pattern that was developed over the next two millennia.
八股文是明清两代最重要的科举考试文体，但它并不等同于科举制度。
The Eight - part Essay was the most important article style for the imperial examination in Ming and Qing dynasties, but was not equal to the imperial examination system.
第二部分，系统分析宋代科举制度对宋代社会心态的消极影响，这是本文的重点。
The second part, the system analyzes Song Dynasty civil service exam system's bad influence for Song Dynasty social mindset, this is the textual point.
他在科举研究中一以贯之以人文主义的优生学思想，强调科举制度的人文选择功能。
He fills humanistic eugenics thought in his imperial examination research, highlighting humanistic selective function of imperial examination system.
晚清至“五四”时期，由于西学的冲击和科举制度的废除，中国知识者群体发生转型。
From the late Qing Dynasty to "May 4th" period, because of the collision of Western literature and the abolition of the imperial examination system, the intellectuals in China transformed.
对科举制度的缺陷和执行过程中的黑暗现象进行了批判与否定，表达了他的独特体验。
He animadverted and denied the bug of the imperial examinations and the gloomy phenomena in the course of the enforcement of it, conveying his unique experience.
在隋唐创始的科举制度，到了宋朝，更加完备，而同时社会的各个阶层也有了新的变化。
The imperial examination system was established in Tang Dynasty and got more mature in Song Dynasty, at the same time all the walks of the society experienced with new changes.
在长期科举制度下，广大知识分子，尤其是下层士子们，对科举的公正性具有莫名的信任。
Under the long-held imperial examination system, the intellectuals, especially the scholars with low social postions believed firmly in the fairness of the system.
晚清时期来华美国新教传教士十分关注中国科举制度，并发表了不少介绍、评论科举制度的言论。
American protestant missionaries in China in the late Qing Dynasty paid much attention to Chinese imperial examination system, delivering speech of introduction and comments.
科举制度之所以在中国历史上存在1300年之久，定有其存在的理由，亦即合理成分或者合理内核。
The imperial civil examination system that had been in the Chinese history for 1300 years perhaps had its own reason to exist, rational element or rational core.
但是正是由于科举制度在人们生活中扮演的角色太多了，利害关系牵涉重大，因而也成为各种矛盾的焦点。
But it is precisely because the imperial examination system in people's lives, the role played by too many, the major stakeholders involved, and thus become the focus of various contradictions.
但是，科举制度打破了旧有的社会分层，在促进合理的社会流动，在构建社会平等体系方面具有积极的意义。
But, civil service exam system had broken old social stratification, so, it had positive role in accelerating reasonablely social mobicity, and constracting social equality system.
在西方，美国对科举制度的研究成果最多，不仅大量的论著涉及科举，而且有多种专门的科举研究论著问世。
In the West, the US has achieved the most in this area, as is shown by the number of works touching upon ie and a variety of monographs on specific research questions of ie.
废除科举制度对五四文学发生的作用主要体现在三个方面：其一，为五四文学发生的创建主体提供了巨大的公共空间。
Its function of promoting the happening of the May 4 literature are the following three aspects: 1. offering the public space for the happening the May 4 literature;
庙内设有中国科举制度陈列馆，“育才”、“兴贤”、“仰高”三座牌坊气宇轩昂，分别代表培养人才、选拔人才和对孔子的敬慕。“
The temple has exhibition halls displaying articles related to the traditional Chinese examination system and three high stone tablets, representing people's respect to education and Confucius.
中国是世界著名的四大文明古国之一，中国教育质量保障的历史源远流长，中国古代的科举制度作为人类教育质量保障的璀璨明珠，光照世界。
As one of the four well-known civilized countries in the world, China has a long history of education quality assurance, especially the ancient imperial examination system.
科举制度对整个唐代的士林心态、风俗习尚以及文学艺术产生过深远影响，尤其是对唐人出处进退的人生选择以及人生哲学的架构意义更为重大。
The imperial examination system influenced psychology, social custom and art in Tang Dynasty and especially influenced frame of going to advance or withdrawing from politics.
原因二：现实中的科举制度并不能成为晚明文人实现理想的阶梯，反而加速了文人群体的分化，对科举的失望和热衷都是对传统价值标准的背离。
The second reason: the imperial examinations system in the reality couldn't make literati's dreams be true, on the contrary, it quickened the differentiation of them.
唐五代童子科与汉魏南北朝时期的“童子郎”、“童子奉车郎”、“童子”等名号有着直接的渊源关系。唐代童子科是唐科举制度下的一个小科目，其面向的对象为十二岁以下的儿童。
The childrens section of imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty was related in its sources with those offices in charge of examination in the Han, the Wei and the Northwern and Southern Dynasties.
唐五代童子科与汉魏南北朝时期的“童子郎”、“童子奉车郎”、“童子”等名号有着直接的渊源关系。唐代童子科是唐科举制度下的一个小科目，其面向的对象为十二岁以下的儿童。
The childrens section of imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty was related in its sources with those offices in charge of examination in the Han, the Wei and the Northwern and Southern Dynasties.
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