从18世纪和19世纪的日记和其他个人记录中，睡眠科学家已经得出结论——人的平均睡眠时间约为每晚9.5小时。
From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion—that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night.
波士顿马萨诸塞州综合医院的睡眠科学家斯科特·麦金尼和杰弗里·艾伦·伯根和他们的同事运用高级的计算机程序找出了答案。
Sleep scientists Scott McKinney and Jeffrey Ellenbogen of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston and colleagues used a sophisticated computer program to find out.
科学家们已经发现了非同寻常的新证据，证明睡眠时我们的身体如何自行恢复。
Scientists have discovered remarkable new evidence showing how the body rebuilds itself while we sleep.
据科学家研究，睡眠不足的人不太愿意与他人交往。
Depending on the research from scientists, people who don't get enough sleep are less willing to socialize with others.
科学家发现，晚上睡眠少于6个半小时的人比多于8小时的人更容易生病。
Scientists have found that people who sleep for less than 6 hours and a half at night are more often ill than people who sleep for 8 hours.
科学家通过使用不同的音乐来研究睡眠。
“这是一个很好的发现，表明参与者在睡眠期间形成了新的记忆。”该领域的科学家安德里隆说。
"This was a dear finding showing participants formed new memories during sleep," said Andrillon, a scientist in this field.
科学家正在不断加深对睡眠的研究，他们对其中的一件事实确信无疑：对于人类来说，睡眠与食物和水一样重要。
Scientists are continually learning more about sleep, but one thing they know for sure is this—for humans, it is as important as food and water.
科学家表示，一个人生病、发烧、睡眠不足或压力过大时，有时会出现梦游症状。
Scientists say that sleepwalking may sometimes happen when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting enough sleep, or he has much stress.
然而，如今哈佛大学的科学家认为，睡眠困难可能是导致某些心理健康问题的原因。
Now, however, scientists at Harvard believe that sleeping difficulties could be the causes of some mental health problems.
科学家已经发现，睡眠可以帮助巩固记忆，将记忆存进大脑以便我们日后取回。
Scientists have found that sleep helps consolidate memories, fixing them in the brain so we can retrieve them later.
科学家们刚刚开始弄清楚与饮食和睡眠有关的复杂脑电路。
Scientists are just beginning to unravel the complicated brain circuitry that connects eating and sleeping.
另外，图谱也令科学家得以洞悉酒精中毒，肥胖症，睡眠，听力及记忆。
The atlas is also giving scientists insight into alcoholism, obesity, sleep, hearing and memory.
然而在这一幕幕的背后，有一支庞大的医生和科学家队伍一直在无休止地工作，顾不上象睡眠需要那样看似平凡琐碎的小事，有时甚至抛开了个人的不幸。
But behind the scenes, a vast team of doctors and scientists have been working nonstop, ignoring trivial matters like the need for sleep and, in some cases, personal catastrophe.
作为一种新的尝试，科学家们给被睡眠窒息症困扰的人们开出了这种药片。
Scientists are giving sleep apnoea sufferers the tablets as part of a new trial.
科学家们称，被不少人奉行的“努力工作、拼命玩乐”的生活原则是以牺牲睡眠和健康为前提的。
The scientists believe that our ‘work hard, play hard’ society encourages us to sacrifice sleep and compromises our health.
科学家们称，被不少人奉行的“努力工作、拼命玩乐”的生活原则是以牺牲睡眠和健康为前提的。
The scientists believe that our 'work hard, play hard' society encourages us to sacrifice sleep and compromises our health.
她还说：“最近几年，科学家已经认识到睡眠少的孩子各种健康指标往往更差，包括容易肥胖等。”
Scientists have realized in recent years that children who get less sleep tend to do worse on a variety of health outcomes, including the risk of being overweight and obese.
在为《内科学文献》做的最新调查中，科学家对153位男士和女士做了为期2周的追踪，并记录下他们的睡眠质量和持续时间。
In a recent study for the Archives of Internal Medicine, scientists followed 153 men and women for two weeks, keeping track of their quality and duration of sleep.
科学家发现一种名为增食欲素(orexin)的蛋白质与调节睡眠周期有关。
The scientists also found a link with orexin, a protein involved in regulating the sleep cycle.
科学家们发现，睡眠可以帮助人们记住新学到单词，并将其纳入“人脑词典”。
The scientists found that sleep helps people to remember a newly learned word and incorporate new vocabulary into their "mental lexicon"。
伦敦大学科学家（通过测试）向人们展示了5年间睡眠时长的变化对中年人认知能力的影响。
University of London scientists showed how changes in sleep over a five-year period in late middle age affects cognitive function in later life.
旧金山-对那些长时间开车并吹嘘自己晚上只需要6个小时睡眠的人，科学家有一个好消息，也有一个坏消息。
SAN FRANCISCO -scientists have good and bad news for hard-driving people who boast they need only six hours of sleep a night.
在巴黎Pitié-Salpêtrière医院神经科学家进行的研究中，他们找来了一组特殊的研究对象：一些有着快速眼动睡眠行为障碍（RBD）的人。
In the study neuroscientists at Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris turned to a unique group of subjects: individuals with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD).
科学家能够在一种老鼠的身上复制这一基因变异，结果发现，这种老鼠需要的睡眠时间也比平常少了。
The scientists were able to replicate the gene variation in a strain of mice and found that the mice needed less sleep than usual, too.
但科学家们目前尚不能确定这种基因突变是如何改变人们睡眠时间的。
The researchers are not yet certain how the gene mutation works to shift people's sleep time.
科学家们还不知道有什么方法可以增强那些能够保证睡眠的脑电波。
The scientists don't yet know of any way to boost those sleep-saving brain waves.
科学家们希望，在睡眠中对脑部已知功能区域的扫描能够让研究者们开发出一些工具，让我们在想要睡觉的时候保持困倦状态，该起床的时候自然起床。
The scientists hope that understanding brain scans during sleep will enable researchers to develop tools to keep us asleep when we want to sleep and to wake us up only when it is time.
其它健康影响：科学家报告了使用移动电话的其它健康影响，包括脑活动、反应时间和睡眠模式的改变。
Other health effects: Scientists have reported other health effects of using mobile phones including changes in brain activity, reaction times, and sleep patterns.
其它健康影响：科学家报告了使用移动电话的其它健康影响，包括脑活动、反应时间和睡眠模式的改变。
Other health effects: Scientists have reported other health effects of using mobile phones including changes in brain activity, reaction times, and sleep patterns.
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