一门真细菌包含真放线菌以及棒状杆菌。
A phylum of Eubacteria contains the true actinobacteria and the coryneform bacteria.
细菌分为真细菌和古细菌两类。
一门真细菌包含真放线菌以及棒状杆菌。
Actinobacteria (ray fungi; actinomycetes) A phylum of Eubacteria that contains the true actinobacteria and the coryneform bacteria.
在一些古细菌和真细菌中，表层蛋白是细胞膜最外层的结构。
S-layer (surface layer) has been identified as the outermost structure of cellular envelopes in numerous organisms from bacteria and archaea domains.
“蠕虫和富裕”理论是“卫生假说”的阴阳两个方面。也许我们真该多接触点寄生虫，来平衡一下我们越来越少接触细菌和病毒的状况。
A "Worm vs. Wealth" theory is the Yang to the Yin of the Hygiene Hypothesis: Maybe we need more exposure to parasites to balance our reduced exposure to bacteria and viruses.
虽然，像细菌一样，古生菌也没有细胞核，但是它们与你我这样的真核生物具有其他共同的特性。
While, like bacteria, archaeans don't have a cell nucleus, they share other traits with eukaryotes like you and me.
古生菌还具有完全与细菌和真核生物不同的细胞膜。
Archaeans have cell membranes that are completely different from both bacteria and eukaryotes.
但是，所有这些DNA需要高能耗，大量成本甚至削弱巨大的细菌——阻止它们成为更为复杂的真核生物。
But all this DNA has a big energetic cost that cripples even giant bacteria — stopping them from turning into more complex eukaryotes.
这种病毒可能具有某种独特的结构，这种结构是能够影响细菌与真核生物的病毒所不具有的——它不得不像其感染的生物体一样，能够在同样极端的环境中生存。
This virus may have a unique structure not found in viruses affecting bacteria and eukaryotes-it has to be able to survive in the same extreme environment as the organism it infects.
问题是，虽然胞内同生在真核生物中非常常见，这往往造成吞噬其他细胞，但是在较为硬质的细菌难以察觉。
The trouble is that, while cells within cells are common in eukaryotes, which often engulf other cells, they're vanishingly rare in more rigid bacteria.
我们仍然需要解释的是更特化的真核生物的磷酸化途径是怎么进化而来并取代了细菌的系统。
What still needs to be explained is how the more typical eukaryotic phosphorylation cascades evolved and came to replace the bacterial systems.
“这给了真核生物基因原料，使它们能够积累新的基因。从规模上来讲，重大基因家族和调节系统对于细菌来讲是完全无法负担的”莱恩博士说。
"This gives eukaryotes the genetic raw material that enables them to accumulate new genes, big gene families and regulatory systems on a scale that is totally unaffordable to bacteria," said Dr Lane.
但需要特别注意的是：他只是统计了真核生物，也就是那些细胞相对复杂的动物，而把细菌以及古生菌排除在外了。
But there are some important caveats: it counts only the eukaryotes, that is, critters with relatively complex cells.
像其他古生菌一样，这种古生菌的基因组同时与真核生物和细菌的基因组具有一些相似性。
Like other archaeans, their genomes share some similarities with both eukaryotes and bacteria.
所有的生命形式可以划分为三大类：真核生物(包括植物，动物，真菌，以及其他生物)、细菌以及古生菌。
All of life can be divided into three domains: Eukarya (including plants, animals, fungi, and other organisms) Bacteria, and Archaea.
这种基因调控模式不仅限于真核生物，细菌利用小分子rna，尤其是那些从CRISPR位点沉默的噬菌体，转座子和质粒表达。
This mode of gene regulation is not restricted to eukaryotes; bacteria utilize small RNAs, notably those made from CRISPR loci that silence the expression of bacteriophages, transposons and plasmids.
当类似古细菌的细菌存在于形态组织及基因组中时，其基因组复制方法表现出类似真核样。
While archaea resemble bacteria in morphology and genomic organization, they resemble eukarya in their method of genomic replication.
志贺菌在与宿主肠道上皮细胞接触后，激活t3ss并将效应子蛋白注入真核宿主细胞内，引起细菌性痢疾。
Once Shigella makes contact with intestine epithelium, the T3SS is activated and effector proteins are injected into the cytosol of intestine epithelium to cause shigellosis.
原虫与细菌真蛋白的比例（P/B）随NSC的比例增加而下降，至培养结束时，各组P/B差异均显著（P<0.05）；
The protozoa and bacterial true protein ratio (P/B) increased with the NSC level increasing and each group were significantly different (P<0.05) to the end of training;
科学家现在知道，这个共同的祖先，“第一真核生物”比任何已知的细菌都要复杂得多。
Scientists now know that this common ancestor , 'the first eukaryote', was a lot more sophisticated than any known bacterium.
科学家现在知道，这个共同的祖先，“第一真核生物”比任何已知的细菌都要复杂得多。
Scientists now know that this common ancestor, 'the first eukaryote', was a lot more sophisticated than any known bacterium.
科学家现在知道，这个共同的祖先，“第一真核生物”比任何已知的细菌都要复杂得多。
Scientists now know that this common ancestor, 'the first eukaryote', was a lot more sophisticated than any known bacterium.
应用推荐