《苹果培养细胞》能有效活化皮肤干细胞并延缓肌肤老化。
"Cultured Apple cells" Efficiently activate skin stem cells and slow down skin aging.
皮肤干细胞的诞生，在干细胞研究领域具有重大里程碑意义。
The birth of the skin stem cells in stem cell research have a significant milestone in the field.
目的：对皮肤干细胞的生物学特性、分化调控等方面研究成果进行分析。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the study result of biological characteristic and regulation of differentiation of skin stem cells.
山羊皮肤干细胞在体外培养开始呈圆形或椭圆型、核大而明显，随后成集落样生长，并可维持14 ~20天。
Goat epidermal stem cells were round or elliptical at beginning of in vitro culture with big obvious nucleus, then became colony-like, could grow 14 ~ 20 d.
迄今为止，在细胞培养实验中，我们已证实即便在用高剂量zfn处理后，皮肤干细胞仍保持着它们再生皮肤的全部潜力。
In cell culture experiments thus far, we showed that even after treatment with high ZFN doses, skin stem cells retained their full potential to regenerate skin.
想法就是，先从病人身上分离出皮肤干细胞，然后在细胞培养中用特异性ZFN来处理这些皮肤干细胞以便关闭致病基因。
The idea is to isolate skin stem cells from the patients, then to treat these skin stem cells with specific ZFN in cell culture in order to switch off the disease-causing gene.
2006年，山中伸弥对古尔登的研究成果进行了进一步研究，以证明一个人的皮肤样本可以用来制造干细胞。
In 2006, Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells.
美国和日本的两个研究小组已直接从人体皮肤细胞中提取出胚胎干细胞（或非常类似的细胞），同时在这一过程中没有破坏胚胎。
Two research teams in the US and Japan have made embryonic stem cells – or something very like them – directly from human skin cells, without having to destroy an embryo in the process.
科学家们一度从其他细胞那儿制造出心肌细胞，通用的方法是制造如皮肤细胞或血细胞之类的诱导性多功能干细胞。
Scientists have been making cardiomyocytes from other cells for some time, usually by making induced pluripotent stem cells from some other cell, like skin cells or blood cells.
随着时间的推移，身体的黑素细胞库——发现存在于每个皮肤粒子和发囊里的产生和存储色素的干细胞——逐渐减小。
Over time, the body's pool of melanocytes - stem cells found in each skin particle and hair follicle that produce and store pigment - dwindles.
科学家使用一种新的干细胞技术，使他们可以将病人的皮肤转变为小块的大脑。
Scientists are using a new stem cell technique allowing them to turn skin from patients into small pieces of brain.
他们从多种病人的身上提取皮肤细胞，并将这些细胞“重编程”为干细胞。
They took skin cells from patients suffering from a variety of diseases and reprogrammed them into stem cells.
另外一些研究者直接将皮肤细胞转变成神经细胞，早前的研究已经找到了由胚胎样干细胞成长为心脏细胞的方法。
Other researchers have converted skin cells directly into nerve cells, and previous studies have worked out ways to grow heart cells from embryonic-like stem cells.
研究人员正在探索，使用干细胞及基因触发等生物手段，来防止——甚至逆转——时间对皮肤的摧残。
Researchers are exploring the use of such biological tools as stem cells and gene triggers to prevent-and even reverse-the ravages of time.
其后，每一个胚胎的未成熟干细胞—含有99%的人的DNA—能够培育成脑、皮肤、心脏和别的组织，用以治疗畸形症等。
Then each embryo's immature stem cells - containing DNA that is 99 per cent human - can be harvested and used to create brain, skin, heart and other tissue for treating crippling diseases.
理解干细胞在衰老过程中的表现“非常重要”。他提到皮肤中干细胞的数目实际上保持不变，但它们的功能在人的生命里一直在改变。
He notes that the number of stem cells in skin stays essentially the same, but that their function changes over a lifetime.
这个美国研究小组使用的干细胞取自生命初期的胚胎，不过他们希望能用皮肤碎片重复这个过程。
The American team used stem cells taken from embryos in the first days of life but
科学家发现这种黑素细胞干细胞缺少一种至关重要的酶，这种酶存在于在皮肤里发现的类似的干细胞里，而皮肤不随着年龄褪色。
Scientists found that such melanocyte stem cells lacked a crucial enzyme that was present in similar stem cells found in the skin, which do not lose colour with age.
皮肤细胞可以退化成干细胞，而这种干细胞可长成各种移植组织和器官。
Skin cells can be regressed to make stem cells, which in turn can be grown into a range of replacement tissues and organs.
这两种技术，都可避免皮肤细胞转化为胚胎多能干细胞的这个初始阶段，在这个阶段里可能会使病人受到患上癌症的风险。
Both techniques avoid the initial step of converting skin cells into embryo-like pluripotent cells - a technique which poses a possible cancer risk.
替代了之前把实验鼠的皮肤细胞变为干细胞的状态，然后再形成心脏细胞器官，研究者直接把皮肤细胞转变为心脏细胞。
Instead of taking mouse skin cells all the way back to a stem cell state and then coaxing the cells to form heart tissue, the researchers switched the cells directly from skin to heart cells.
一旦这些细胞被移植后，细胞的遗传标记将会和皮肤毛囊干细胞更加相似。
Once they were transplanted, the genetic markers of the cells changed to be more similar to those of hair follicle stem cells.
预计他会主张采用最新取得进展替代干细胞研究方法，包括把小老鼠的普通皮肤细胞用于研究。
He is expected promote recent advances in alternative stem cell research, including using ordinary skin cells from mice.
结论皮肤软组织扩张术的应力能诱导大鼠表皮干细胞的增殖与分化，其可能是皮肤软组织扩张术的重要生物学基础。
Conclusion The stress of skin soft-tissue expansion can induce epidermal stem cells to proliferate and differentiate, which probably is an important biological basis for skin soft-tissue expansion.
最近两组科学家绕过这种问题，将人类皮肤细胞转化成为干细胞，这类干细胞具有胚胎干细胞相同特性。
Two groups of scientists recently bypassed this problem by transforming human skin cells into stem cells which had the same properties as embryonic stem cells.
移植的皮肤毛囊干细胞，这些细胞只能在三周时间内修复和复原皮肤。
The transplanted follicles outperformed naturally-produced hair follicle stem cells, which are only able to heal and repair skin for three weeks.
进行性肝病患者可以从自己的皮肤或血液中提取的干细胞进行治疗，这一突破性研究成果可以挽救成千上万人的生命，减少肝移植等候名单。
Patients with advanced liver disease can be treated with stem cells taken from their own skin or blood in a breakthrough that could save thousands of lives and cut transplant waiting lists.
进行性肝病患者可以从自己的皮肤或血液中提取的干细胞进行治疗，这一突破性研究成果可以挽救成千上万人的生命，减少肝移植等候名单。
Patients with advanced liver disease can be treated with stem cells taken from their own skin or blood in a breakthrough that could save thousands of lives and cut transplant waiting lists.
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