血清胺是大脑中一种在神经细胞间传递信号的信号分子。
Serotonin is one of the messenger molecules that carry signals between nerve cells in the brain.
过氧化氢(H2O2)是一个重要的信号分子，可以诱导气孔关闭。
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important signal molecule that induces stomatal closure.
Aguzzi推理说，PrP就是轴突里的信号分子，会使施沃恩细胞健康快乐。
Aguzzi theorizes that PrP is a signaling molecule in axons that's needed to "keep Schwann cells happy."
细菌利用化学信号相互沟通，在这个过程中释放和接收能被群体感应到的信号分子。
Bacteria communicate using chemical signals, releasing and receiving signalling molecules in a process known as quorum sensing.
溶血磷酯酸是“可以进入细胞膜的粘性物质，”他说，不是常规的信号分子。
LPA is "sticky stuff that goes into membranes," he said, not your everyday signaling molecule.
RNA沉默的系统传导特性表明，RNA沉默途径中存在着可移动的信号分子。
The systemic spread of silencing reflects the existence of a mobile silencing signal as an integral component of the RNA silencing pathway.
最近的研究发现， 鞘脂及其代谢产物在植物中也起着很重要的信号分子作用。
Increasing investigation has shown that sphingolipids and their metabolites play an important role in plants.
既然慢生根瘤菌也会生成根瘤从而建立共生关系，它们一定使用了不同的信号分子来实现这个目的。
Since the Bradyrhizobium strains still form nodules to establish symbiosis, they must be using different signalling molecules to do so.
对于细胞核来说，大小是有影响的，目前科学家已经发现了控制细胞核大小的信号分子。
Size matters when it comes to the nucleus of a cell, and now scientists have discovered the signals that control how big the nucleus gets.
以果蝇为模式生物研究表明，昆虫抗菌肽的基因调控涉及到多个信号通路及大量的信号分子。
Research on the model organism Drosophila indicate that insect AMPs gene regulation involves multiple signaling pathways and a large number of signaling molecules.
目的：克隆和鉴定IL6作用相关基因将有助于揭示IL 6信号转导机制和发现新的信号分子。
Objective:To clone and identify the genes related to IL 6 in order to reveal mechanisms of IL 6 signal transduction and to discover new signal transduction molecules.
具体来说，有关的细胞是负责制造多巴胺的原始化合物，多巴胺是在产生满足感中充当重要角色的信号分子。
Specifically, the cells in question were the ones responsible for making the precursors of dopamine, a signalling molecule with a well-established role in generating the sensation of pleasure.
研究团队发现某些被称为“细胞集落刺激因子”（CSF）的枯草芽孢杆菌的信号分子可以被人体的内脏细胞侦察到。
The team discovered that a certain B. subtilis signalling molecule, known as competence and sporulation factor (CSF), is detected by human gut cells (Cell Host &Microbe, vol 1, p 299).
自噬的过程受一系列复杂的信号分子的调控，调控机制的失效与肿瘤、神经退行性疾病、衰老等有重要的联系。
The process is controlled by complex signalling pathways. Irregulation of autophagy is associated with such as several diseased states cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging.
在这个简单案例中，仪器甚至检测到了100个两种细菌间相互攻击的信号分子，其中能与已知分子相匹配只有10种。
Even in this simple case, the instrument detected as many as 100 different signalling molecules fired off by the two bacteria, only 10 of which the team managed to match to known molecules.
他们在一个不锈钢培养皿里培育细菌，然后用激光蒸发它们的信号分子，把这些分子导入到质谱分析仪中并记录他们的状态。
They grow their bacteria on a stainless steel plate, and use a laser to vaporise their signalling molecules, feeding these into a mass spectrometer to catalogue the molecules present.
当谈到植物的天然免疫系统时，不能不提到相互作用的两个方面：植物细胞的受体分子以及与之成对的入侵细菌特异性的信号分子。
Rice growing. Scientists have identified the bacterial signaling molecule that matches up with a specific receptor in rice plants to ward off a devastating disease known as bacterial blight of rice.
结论：ROS、PTEN及P -AKT参与了葡萄糖刺激INS - 1细胞分泌胰岛素的信号通路，成为介导胰岛素分泌的信号分子。
Conclusion: ROS, PTEN and p-AKT are involved in the signaling pathway of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in INS-1cell, as signaling molecules in insulin secretion.
Cytori公司可能无法展示这些干细胞的全部分化潜能，但它们的确可以分化成脂肪、骨骼和肌肉等等组织，这取决于它们所接触的信号分子。
Cytori's are unlikely to ever show that range of differentiation. But they can differentiate into fat, bone, and muscle-among other tissues-depending on which signaling molecules they are exposed to.
罪魁祸首就是胸腺基质淋巴生成素(简称TSLP)，这是一种由受损的皮肤分泌的信号分子，受损的皮肤引起身体强烈的免疫反应以便对抗入侵细胞。
The culprit is thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)， a signalling molecule secreted by damaged skin cells which elicits a strong immune response from the body to fight off invaders.
罪魁祸首就是胸腺基质淋巴生成素(简称TSLP)，这是一种由受损的皮肤分泌的信号分子，受损的皮肤引起身体强烈的免疫反应以便对抗入侵细胞。
The culprit is thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a signalling molecule secreted by damaged skin cells which elicits a strong immune response from the body to fight off invaders.
减刑会向犯罪分子发出错误的信号。
Reducing prison sentences would send the wrong signals to criminals.
如今，她们正试图弄清楚哪些分子信号转导过程激活了复苏植物的种子发育基因，以及如何将其复制到农作物上。
Now they are trying to figure out what molecular signaling processes activate those seed-building genes in resurrection plants—and how to reproduce them in crops.
横跨细胞膜的分子(通常是蛋白质)，接受细胞外信号并传导入细胞内。
A molecule (usually a protein) that spans a cell membrane and "receives" extracellular signals and transmits them into the cell.
在检测了实验老鼠积累更少的脂肪的原因后，研究人员怀疑是分子信号起的作用。
The researchers then examined why the mice were accumulating less fat, suspecting that a molecular signal was in play.
在为人们所知的细菌群感效应过程中，细菌同样释放，探测以及对有机信号分子产生反应。
Bacteria also release, detect and respond to organic signaling molecules in a process known as quorum sensing.
随后作用于分支结构的机械应力决定了新分支进行发育的起始位点，反过来，分支自身又能产生信号分子。
Subsequent mechanical stresses in the branches determine where new branches will begin to develop and, in turn, produce their own signaling molecules.
在此研究中分子生物学被证明是有作用的，其揭示了我们现在已知的不同的信号通路。
Molecular biology proved instrumental in this research, which revealed the different signaling pathways that we now know.
在此研究中分子生物学被证明是有作用的，其揭示了我们现在已知的不同的信号通路。
Molecular biology proved instrumental in this research, which revealed the different signaling pathways that we now know.
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