更令人困惑的是癌症干细胞的隐藏能力。
More disconcerting is the ability of a cancer stem cell to hide.
有一个癌症干细胞潜伏在那里，可能会很糟糕。
There is a cancer stem cell lurking out there that may be very bad.
大量研究证明，癌症中存在对化疗更具抵抗性的癌症干细胞。
Research data show that more resistant stem cells than common cancer cells exist in cancer patients.
我发此贴的目的是想澄清有关“癌症干细胞”的若干科学问题。
My aim to write this message is to clarify some scientific issues about cancer stem cell here.
最近的研究阐明的癌症干细胞的存在具有额外的能力形成肿瘤。
Recent studies elucidated the presence of cancer stem cells that have the exclusive ability to regenerate tumors.
这些癌症干细胞与正常的干细胞有许多共同的特点，包括自我更新和分化。
These cancer stem cells share many characteristics with normal stem cells, including self-renewal and differentiation.
设计出一个可以区分癌症干细胞和组成健康组织细胞的药物虽非易事，但是却颇有希望。
And there is the problem of designing drugs that can distinguish between cancer stem cells and those that spin off healthy tissues. But it all looks promising.
最后，研究者们将这些癌症干细胞注射到免疫低下的小鼠脑部并检测生成的肿瘤中的血管。
Finally, the researchers injected these cancer stem cells into the brains of mice with weakened immune systems and then examined the blood vessels within the resulting tumors.
所有这些所导致的结果就是关于癌症干细胞观于癌症扩散的假设看上去前景光明。
The upshot of all this is that the stem-cell hypothesis of cancer growth looks a good one.
癌症干细胞对化疗有抗性，科学家希望能够发现一种可以杀死癌症干细胞的药物。
Stem cells are resistant to chemotherapy, and scientists had hoped to find a compound that kills them.
其中成纤维细胞生长因子与其在癌症干细胞表面受体之间的互动可能起重要的作用。
The interaction between fibroblast growth factor and its cancer stem cell surface receptor may play the important role.
这些因素和其他的观察提示在卵巢癌中也许可以发现癌症干细胞，导致了目前的研究。
Those factors and other observations suggested that cancer stem cells may also be found with ovarian tumors, leading to the current study.
类似的癌症干细胞早前在白血病、乳癌、中枢神经系统细胞株和胃肠道肿瘤中鉴定出。
Similar cancer stem cells have been previously identified in leukemia and breast cancer and in cell lines of central nervous system and gastrointestinal tumors.
此外，发现用于治疗HER 2阳性乳腺癌的药物赫赛汀，能够靶向和摧毁癌症干细胞。
Further, the drug Herceptin, which is used to treat HER2-positive breast cancer, was found to target and destroy the cancer stem cells.
这本书雄心勃勃地融合了所有关于胚胎，组织最新的分子调控和重要课题，癌症干细胞。
This book ambitiously incorporates all the latest and essential subjects on molecular regulation in embryonic, tissue, and cancer stem cells.
设计出一个可以区分癌症干细胞和组成健康组织细胞的药物虽非易事，但是却颇有希望。
And there is the problem of designing drugs that can distinguish between cancer stem cells and those that spin off healthy tissues.
他研究了来自268位胰腺癌患者的癌症干细胞样本，发现干细胞的类型决定了癌细胞的寿命。
He looked at samples from 268 people with pancreatic cancer and found that the pattern of stem cells in their tumours predicted how long they would live.
化学疗法也许能有效地杀死整个肿瘤，但是癌症干细胞可能会躲开药物，在几年后导致癌症的复发。
Chemotherapy might effectively kill an entire tumor, but cancer stem cells might evade the drugs and cause a relapse of the cancer years later.
所谓的癌症干细胞产生了不同类型的细胞群，其中一些是非成瘤性的，这也和人类胰腺癌肿瘤相类似。
The purported cancer stem cells produced a diverse mixture of cells, some of which are not cancerous, that reflected an actual human pancreatic tumor, she said.
国外众多的研究报告称少数的癌症干细胞才是肿瘤的来源，大多数的癌细胞并不能生长成为新的肿瘤。
Many researchers abroad reported that only a few cancer stem cells were the source of cancer, whereas many cancer cells could not grow into new cancer.
癌症干细胞假说—癌症起源于很小数量的被称为癌症干细胞的细胞，这些细胞为癌症的生长提供能量。
The cancer stem cell hypothesis says that tumors originate in a small number of cells, called cancer stem cells, and that these cells are responsible for fueling a tumor's growth.
密歇根州立大学最近一个基于小白鼠的研究发现，萝卜硫素也攻击癌症干细胞——该干细胞是肿瘤生长的帮凶。
A recent University of Michigan study on mice found that sulforaphane also targets cancer stem cells-those that aid in tumor growth.
有些应该很快出现在实践中：例如癌症干细胞具有比其他的癌细胞更强的抗放射能力，因为它们的DNA修复机制更加健全。
Some might be in action soon. For example, it seems that cancer stem cells are less vulnerable to radiation than other cancer cells, because their DNA-repair mechanisms are better.
举例而言，癌症干细胞之所以比其他癌症细胞对放射更有抵抗力，是由于它拥有较好的DNA的自我修复机制。
For example, it seems that cancer stem cells are less vulnerable to radiation than other cancer cells, because their DNA-repair mechanisms are better.
实验室中以患乳腺癌的老鼠为试验对象，研究者发现联合用药可以抑制癌症干细胞，而癌症干细胞是肿瘤扩增的驱动因素。
In lab tests using mice with breast cancer, researchers found that the drug combination suppressed the cancer stem cells thought to drive tumor progression.
事实上，加热的目标是那些会导致癌症生长和转移、以及对药物和化疗有抵抗力的乳腺癌干细胞。
The actual target was breast cancer stem cells, the cells from which cancers grow and metastasize, and which tend to resist drug and radiation treatments.
事实上，加热的目标是那些会导致癌症生长和转移、以及对药物和化疗有抵抗力的乳腺癌干细胞。
The actual target was breast cancer stem cells, the cells from which cancers grow and metastasize, and which tend to resist drug and radiation treatments.
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