本文研究了关于电子激发原子核的理论。
The theory of the excitation of nuclei by electrons of intermediate energy has been studied.
关于电子激发态的计算，一直是理论化学的挑战。
The calculation of the electronically excited state is still a challenge in theoretical chemistry.
这里对于氮原子不会有电子激发，因为这不会增加，未配对电子的数目。
So, electron promotion does not happen in terms of nitrogen, because it would not increased our number of unpaired electrons.
太阳能电池工作的原理在于高能量的可见光和紫外光能把原子中的电子激发为自由电子。
Solar cells work because visible and ultraviolet light are powerful enough to knock electrons free from atoms.
考虑了内壳层电子激发的组态相互作用后，采用R矩阵方法计算了电子碰撞类锂碳离子的共振激发碰撞强度。
The multichannel R-matrix code is employed to compute the collision strengths for electron-impact excitation of pentacid Mg ion.
用含时密度泛函理论TDDFT及组态相关CIS、含时td HF方法对菲的UV光谱进行了理论研究，在几何构型优化的基础上，计算了其垂直电子激发能。
The time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT), CIS and TD-HF studies have been performed on the UV-spectrum of phenanthrene. Based on the optimized geometries, the vertical excitation energies were calculated.
这种获得能量的电子和他留在原来能级上对应的位置的空穴的相互作用叫做一个激子激发过程，而这两个不同能级之间的部分被称作带隙。
The interaction between the energized electron and the hole it leaves behind is called an exciton, and the difference in energy levels between the hole and the electron is known as the bandgap.
这些高速电子与银河晕的光子相互作用，将它们中的一些激发，使之成为泡泡中观测到的伽马射线。
These speedy electrons interact with photons in the galactic halo, boosting some of them up to the gamma-ray energies observed in the bubbles.
这个额外的电子填充了传导带的较低能级，有效的导致了被激发的电子溢入较高，释放光子的能级。
The extra electron fills up the lower-energy state in the conduction band, causing excited electrons to, effectively, spill over into the higher-energy, photon-emitting state.
电子活动激发大脑，并增加氧和葡萄糖丰富的血液流向大脑皮质——大脑的控制认知功能，个性和情绪的领域。
The electrical activity excites the brain and increases oxygen - and glucose-rich blood flow to the cerebral cortex, the area of the brain that controls cognitive function, personality and emotion.
当光子照射到材料表面时，电子受到光子的激发由一个能级跳到更高的能级上，而这些能级对材料来说是特定的。
When a photon strikes the surface, it excites an electron to a higher energy level, which is specific to the material.
一个单个的粒子被金属吸收，同时激发出一个电子。
One individual particle is being absorbed by the metal and exciting an electron.
光照射到这个感应芯片上面然后从硅原子中激发释放出电子，这样就产生了一个电信号然后通过芯片的电子器件转化成图像。
Light striking this detector liberates electrons from some of the silicon atoms, producing an electrical signal that is converted by the chip's electronics into a picture.
通常，在光伏芯片中，被光子激发的电子，在导电材料内部电场的作用下，通过导线定向移动。
Normally, in a photovoltaic cell, electrons knocked free by photons are then carried away by an electric field within the photovoltaic material to a contact wire.
第二步策略是减小两个传导带态的能量落差，这样一来受激发电子就更容易溢入光子释放态。
The second strategy was to lower the energy difference between the two conduction-band states so that excited electrons would be more likely to spill over into the photon-emitting state.
在成键时，会释放大量能量，这比补偿激发电子，的能量要多。
We're going to release a lot of energy for bonding, it's going to more than make up for the fact that we actually had to spend some energy to promote that electron.
“正因为如此，在弛豫期间激发态间电子相干的传递通常是忽略不计的，”Engel解释道。
“For this reason, the transfer of electronic coherence between excitons during relaxation has usually been ignored,” Engel said.
通过紫外线光电子光谱和光学吸收的测量，研究人员测定了纳米晶体中电子的最低激发态能级。
By using UV photoelectron spectroscopy and optical absorption measurements, the researchers determined the energy of the lowest excited electronic states in the nanocrystals.
彩色玻璃上金属纳米粒子的色彩效果已激发了对于更快计算和高容量光学数据存储媒介新的光电子学研究。
The colour effects of metal nanoparticles in stained glass has inspired new research into optoelectronics for faster computing and high-capacity optical-data storage media.
是因为电子处于激发状态。
所以当我听说有研究人员可以用电子设备激发大脑的数学潜能的时候，就忍不住要去见识一下。
So when I heard of a researcher who could boost people's maths skills using an electronic brain stimulator, I had to meet him.
光子一旦被植物叶片所吸收，它就能激发出一个电子，该电子随后被用来为糖转化一类的生化反应提供能量。
Once light is absorbed in plant leaves, it energizes an electron which is subsequently used to support a biochemical reaction, like sugar production.
太阳风暴中的粒子和地球大气中的气体分子相撞，粒子把自身的一部分能量转化并灌注到气体分子的电子中，使分子中的电子呈现出一种激发即高能的状态。
Particles in the solar wind collide with gas molecules high in Earth's atmosphere, transferring some of their energy and boosting the molecules' electrons into an 'excited' state.
电脑的使用和从互惠到赢利状态的转变使交易大厅变得更安静(一切皆由电子化完成)，但却把竞争精神激发到了一个在几年前无法想象的程度。
Computers and the switch from mutual to for-profit status have left the floors quieter (it is all done electronically), but stirred competitive spirits to an extent unimaginable only a few years ago.
比如苯环，也就是最低电子态，远低于第一激发态。
If you have benzene, for example, the lowest electronic state, is quite far below the first excited state.
他告诉英国广播公司新闻，他的预测是基于，消费类电子产品公司——由游戏世界激发的灵感——正在制造新的互动介面产品的努力。
He told BBC News that his prediction is driven by the efforts of consumer electronics firm which are making products with new interactive interfaces inspired by the world of gaming.
为了建立台式大爆炸装置，研究人员使用了丙烯酸和黄金，将激光打在黄金之上，激发出被称为等离子的自由电子波。
In order to establish desktop big explosive device, the researchers used acrylic and gold, laser will play in gold above, inspired called plasma of free electrons wave.
如果光子的能量高于电池材料的能带，那么电子就被激发到导带中。
If the photon energy is greater than the bandgap of the cell material, then electrons are excited into the conduction band.
如果光子的能量高于电池材料的能带，那么电子就被激发到导带中。
If the photon energy is greater than the bandgap of the cell material, then electrons are excited into the conduction band.
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