第二章探讨了森林生态系统的退化及其恢复和重建的理论基础。
In chapter 2, the theories of degradation and restoration and rehabilitation of forest ecosystems were discussed.
该流域生态系统服务功能价值的下降与生态系统的退化和面积的减小有关。
It was concluded that the decline in value of ecosystem services in Xilin River Basin was resulted from the degradation of ecosystems and the decrease in area of the natural ecosystems.
河流景观质量的下降及河流生态系统的退化已成为一个严重的环境问题，受到国际社会的普遍关注。
River landscape isn't attractive as usual, and the watershed ecosystem is deteriorating. These global environment problems have been widely concerning by the international society.
本文以废黄河三角洲为例，分析了废黄河三角洲生态系统退化的自然和人为应力以及生态系统的退化过程。
Taking the abandoned delta of Huanghe River as a case, this paper analyzed the natural and artificial driving forces of ecosystem degeneration, with the degeneration course investigated.
由于人类对水资源的不合理利用，造成荒漠河岸生态系统的退化甚至崩溃，保护受危胡杨种群已成为当务之急。
The riparian ecosystems are facing the dangers of degrading or even collapsing due to the unreasoned water utilization by human being.
根据《新千年生态系统评估报告》，“60%的世界生态系统正在退化或者消亡，我们有义务来改变我们的方式。”
According to the Millennium ecosystem Assessment, "60 percent of the world's ecosystems are degraded and failing." We have an obligation to change our ways.
已知或可能的损害包括海洋酸化、热带雨林消失、生态系统退化还有沙漠化。
Known or probable damage includes ocean acidification, loss of rain forests, degradation of ecosystems, and desertification.
此外，鼓励以其他生态系统服务为代价进行商品生产的补贴会加重环境的退化。
In addition, subsidies that encourage the production of marketed goods at the expense of other ecosystem services can aggravate their degradation.
北卡罗莱纳州立大学的Rodrigo Arriagada和他的同事认为生态系统付费方案对有效减少10%的农场里部分森林退化做出了贡献。
Work by Rodrigo Arriagada of North Carolina State University and his colleagues suggests that the PES scheme was responsible for only 10% of the reduced deforestation on farms that took part.
森林生态系统退化的要害因素是林业开发强度。
The crucial factor that silvan ecosystem degrades is forestry development intensity.
简述了退化森林生态系统恢复和重建的一般操作程序；
The common work procedure of rehabilitating degraded forest ecosystems was briefly introduced.
富营养化是导致湖泊生态系统退化的主要因素。
Eutrophication is the main factor for the degradation of lake ecosystem.
更多是从植被恢复及其水土流失效应方面进行了探讨，为退化生态系统恢复和格局设计提供了极其有用的信息。
Most authors studied vegetation restoration and its effects on soil loss, and provide much valuable information on degraded ecosystem restoration and ecological security pattern design.
本文从地震对震区生态系统的破坏和退化出发，探讨了不同生态系统重建中植被恢复的技术和做法。
Based on the destroyed and degraded ecosystem by the powerful earthquake in seismic areas, vegetation restoration was discussed in reconstruction of different ecosystems.
对退化生态系统的层次结构、层片结构、高度级结构及其动态等进行了研究。
Layer structure, synusia structure and height - classes structure and dynamics of degraded ecosystem were studied.
耕作对喀斯特脆弱生态系统土壤具有重要影响，是造成土壤养分流失、退化的主要原因。
Tillage practice had important effect on soil nutrients loss and soil degradation in the fragile karst ecosystem.
退化森林生态系统的恢复和重建依赖于对有关理论的理解和认识，也依赖于对有关技术体系的研究和应用。
To restore and rehabilitate the degraded forest ecosystems, we must understand the theories concerned, also we have to study and apply the related technology.
这可能是大多数杉木人工林生态系统发生严重退化的一个重要原因。
This is possible to be an important cause for degradation of most Chinese fir ecosystems.
笔者认为，恢复生态学是研究生态系统退化的原因、退化生态系统恢复与重建的技术与方法、过程与机理的科学。
The author thinks that restoration ecology is a integrative subject to study the reason and process of the degradation, and the mechanism and technology of restoration.
不合理的土地利用方式和对森林的不合理砍伐导致脆弱的土壤系统和森林生态系统的严重退化、生产力下降和严重的水土流失。
Irrational land use and forest cutting have resulted in the serious degradation, the decrease of land productivity and the water and soil erosion in the fragile soil system and forest system.
灌丛是三峡地区典型的退化生态系统类型。
Shrubland is the typical degraded ecosystems in the Three Gorges Region.
此外针对三江源区湿地生态系统退化机制和存在的主要问题，提出了合理利用与保护对策。
In addition, Measures on reasonable utilization and conservation are put forward on the basis of degradation mechanism and problem of wetlands ecosystem in Sanjiangyuan region.
由于人类利用和改造湿地资源活动的日益加剧，湿地正在全世界范围内面临威胁，并已成为退化最为严重的生态系统。
With more and more activities of using and changing wetland by human, wetland is facing with worldwide threat and has become one of the most degraded ecosystems.
有一个实验“爆炸性的鸡尾酒”产生经济困难，退化生态系统和气候变化。
There was an "explosive cocktail" out there made up of economic hardship, degraded eco-systems and climate change.
随着人们环境意识的提高，风景园林工作者正接触到越来越多的对废弃地或其他类型退化生态系统的修复工程。
As people's environmental awareness grows up, landscape designers are getting involved in more and more of the waste land or degraded ecosystem restoration projects.
我国是世界上退化生态系统类型最多，山地退化最严重的国家之一。
Our country is one of the countries having the most ecological restoration types and the severest mountain degradation problem.
研究结果表明，根据土地类型所处的土地生态系统的演替阶段来判定土地退化程度，是目前比较简便而又切实可行的土地退化评价方法。
The results showed that it was a simple and practical method, which was based on the ecosystem succession stage of land types to assessment land degradation.
研究结果表明，根据土地类型所处的土地生态系统的演替阶段来判定土地退化程度，是目前比较简便而又切实可行的土地退化评价方法。
The results showed that it was a simple and practical method, which was based on the ecosystem succession stage of land types to assessment land degradation.
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