生物学上的假设包括生态变化，这些变化是由昆虫和开花植物之间的共同进化，或海洋中以海底生物为食的捕食者的进化所带来的。
Biological hypotheses include ecological changes brought about by the evolution of cooperation between insects and flowering plants or of bottom-feeding predators in the oceans.
有证据表明，这一时期发生了重大的生态和地质变化。
There is evidence of major ecological and geological changes during this period.
如今研究池塘的生态学者很可能会发现，池塘在一年之内基本没什么变化。
An ecologist who studies a pond today may well find it relatively unchanged in a year's time.
由于其中可能涉及复杂的物种相互作用，通过移除一个关键物种并观察生态系统的变化来确定该物种是有问题的。
Because complex species interactions may be involved, identifying a keystone species by removing the species and observing changes in the ecosystem is problematic.
稀稀落落的常住人口和休闲活动（尤其是滑雪）的发展，导致当地生态系统发生了重大的长期变化。
A thinly scattered permanent population and development of leisure activities, particularly skiing, have resulted in significant long-term changes to the local ecosystems.
在欧洲，变化最快、风险最大的无疑是山地生态系统。
In Europe, it is undoubtedly the mountain ecosystem which has changed most rapidly and is most at risk.
因此，在理解和预测全球变化对南极和亚南极海洋生态系统影响方面，它们是关键物种。
As such, they are key species for understanding and predicting impacts of global change on Antarctic and sub-Antarctic marine ecosystems.
今天的报告是迄今为止对气候变化和人类开发对南极脆弱生态系统的潜在破坏性影响发出的最严厉警告。
Today's report is the starkest warning yet of the potentially devastating impact of climate change and human exploitation on the Antarctic's delicate ecosystems.
面对气候变化，当树木生长的超出它们理想栖息地时，这些飞行的生态系统工程师对于重新植树能有巨大的帮助。
As trees outgrow their ideal habitats in the face of climate change, these flying ecosystem engineers could be a big help in replanting trees.
生态学家使用“演替”一词来指植物群落和生态系统随时间发生的变化。
Ecologists use the term "succession" to refer to the changes that happen in plant communities and ecosystems over time.
由于树种具有不同的、往往是独特的特性，森林物种组成的变化以多种方式影响着生态系统。
Shifts in forest species composition ramify through the ecosystem in many ways because tree species have different, often unique properties.
水还具有非凡的吸热能力，这有助于让缓和气候变化，否则的话生态系统就会被破坏。
Water also has an extraordinary capacity to mop up heat, and this helps smooth out climatic changes that could otherwisedevastate ecosystems.
本周举行的研讨会旨在深化和扩大有关气候变化如何影响海洋生态系统及以其为生的社区方面的科学知识。
This week’s symposium is intended to deepen and broaden scientific knowledge on how climate change is affecting marine ecoystems and the communities that depend on them.
这意味着全球气候变化对生态系统造成的某些影响只能在影响巨大时才能看出来。
This means that some effects of global climate change on ecosystemscan be seen only once the effects are dramatic.
这个结果影响了湖泊的生态系统，水温的微小变化使其受到破坏。
The results have implications for lake ecosystems, which can be adversely affected by even small water temperature changes.
随着气候的变化，城市化对于生态环境的改变，更多的物种会失去栖息地——使原著和外来物种的区别更模糊。
As climate change and urbanization continue to reshape the ecological landscape, more species will leave their homelands-making the distinction between resident and alien a moot point.
气候变化正在加速造成对生态系统、农业生产力、森林和供水系统不可弥补的损害；
The irreparable damage that is being inflicted on ecosystems, agricultural productivity, forests and water systems is accelerating.
加强节能环保和生态建设，积极应对气候变化。
We will strengthen energy conservation, environmental protection and ecological development, and actively respond to climate change.
自1990年代起，科学家和区域性管理机构就已经开始了数据收集工作，通过对“食物链等级”上不同种群间的生态平衡变化进行定量研究。
Since the late 1990s, scientists and regional management organisations have used catch data to measure changes in the balance of species across so-called "trophic levels."
在2007年，NASA的科学家联合俄罗斯科学家乘船考察了这条河的变迁(为时三周)，以及这种类型的生态系统可能如何被气候变化所影响。
In 2007, NASA scientists joined Russian scientists to travel down the river by boat for three weeks to study the transition and how these types of ecosystems may be affected by climate change.
气候的变化能够改变这些生态系统的功能以及海洋中碳循环的方式。
Global change could alter the functioning of these ecosystems and the way carbon is cycled in the ocean.
架构师的一个很重要的动机是确保整个企业生态系统可以正常工作，即使面对不断变化的需求和功能。
One important incentive for architects is to make sure that the entire enterprise ecosystem continues to function, even in the face of changing requirements and capabilities.
第一是气候变化，人们预计这会重塑森林生态系统的版图。
The first is climate change, which is expected to redraw the map of forest ecosystems.
较长期的气候变化可影响生态系统的生存能力和健康，使植物、病原体、动物、甚至人类住区的分布状况发生变化。
Longer term changes in climate affect the viability and health of ecosystems, influencing shifts in the distribution of plants, pathogens, animals, and even human settlements.
该报告称：由于海洋生态系统的急剧变化和海平面不断升高海鸟和岸禽是气候变化最严重的受害者。
The report said that oceanic and shore birds are among the most vulnerable to climate change because of rapidly changing Marine ecosystems and rising sea levels.
之前数据量化总结气候变化对美国生态系统的影响的努力总体来说都集中在特定的区域或者行业。
Previous efforts to quantify the effect of climate change on U.S. ecosystems have generally focused on particular areas or industries.
如果含量过低，他们的效果还不是太清楚，但是可能最终还会引起生态系统组成的微小的、广泛的变化。
At low doses, their effects aren't known, but may involve subtle and widespread stresses that ultimately change the composition of ecosystems.
在18年的研究基础上，史密斯和他的论文合作者揭示出，海底生态系统的变化可以是几星期到几个月以内的短期变化，同时也可以是长达几年甚至几十年的长期变化。
Based on 18 years of studies, Smith and his coauthors show that such ecosystem changes occur over short time scales of weeks to months, as well as over longer periods of years to decades.
通过研究冰层之间化学性质各异的冰水，研究者们可以追溯古代大气、生态系统、森林大火、地震和日照的变化情况。
In layer upon layer of chemically distinctive water are traces of past atmospheres and ecosystems, forest fires and earthquakes and solar variation.
通过研究冰层之间化学性质各异的冰水，研究者们可以追溯古代大气、生态系统、森林大火、地震和日照的变化情况。
In layer upon layer of chemically distinctive water are traces of past atmospheres and ecosystems, forest fires and earthquakes and solar variation.
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