文章从矿山环境恢复治理存在的矛盾入手，从生产外部性、科斯定理、生产理论、博弈论四个方面，详细分析了矿山环境难以治理有其深刻的经济学根源。
There are some conflicts in mine-environment governance. The paper analyses detailedly economics root of mine-environment puzzle from externalities, Coase Theorem, production theory and game theory.
必须对森林资源的生态效益实施国家定向合同购买或代理（社会）合同购买的办法来校正林业生产的外部性。
For the sake of ecological benefit of forestry resources, the external economy of forestry production must be adjusted by adopting state-oriented contract or agent-oriented contract system.
生产、消费的环境成本外部性是全球性生态环境问题产生的重要根源之一。
The outside environment costs of production and consumption is one of the important roots of the global ecologic and environmental problems.
该文认为商品林生产具有正的外部性，市场失灵使生产者将不能提供社会真正所需要的商品林数量。
It holds that the production of commercial forest has positive externalities and its producers can't provide enough commercial forest truly required by the society under market failure.
外部性会导致市场无效，因为他们限制了市场价格传达用多少钱生产和用多少钱购买的准确信息的能力。
Externalities cause market inefficiencies because they inhibit the ability of market prices to convey accurate information about how much to produce and how much to buy.
外部不经济性是由厂商在生产和经营过程中所造成的对环境的损害和资源的破坏。
External diseconomy is the destruction to environment and resources caused by manufacturers production and management.
介绍了经济的外部效应的涵义，针对石油企业在生产开发过程中所表现的外部经济性和不经济性进行了剖析。
Meaning of external economic effects is described. External economic advantages and disadvantages of oil companies exhibited in the course of production development! Are analyzed.
笔者在经济增长理论的基础上，将社会资本分成两部分，分别是由经济生产产生的社会资本以及由非正式社会网络的网络外部性产生的社会资本两个部分。
I have defined the social capital into two parts basing on the theory of economy development: the capital from economic development and the capital from network externality of informal social network.
引入EAN·UCC系统，利用EAN·UCC-128码为数据载体实现茶叶生产各个环节的唯一性标识，建立茶叶生产供应链外部追溯编码体系。
Introduce EAN·UCC system, using ENA·UCC-128 code to achieve a unique band for every section of tea production to build up an exterior traceable encoding system.
生产者责任延伸制度的建立与实施将成为废弃产品的生产负外部性内部化的有力手段。
The establishment and implementation of EPR regime can be a powerful means to internalize negative externality of the production of waste products.
在信息市场中，既存在具有负外部性的信息产品和服务生产过剩，也存在具有正外部性的信息产品和服务生产不足。
In information market, there are both information product and service surplus with negative externalities and information product and service lack with positive externalities.
同时，本文探讨了产业集群人才集聚的原因，指出人才的生产要素性质是人才集聚的本质原因，而工作集聚所形成的外部性是人才集聚的外在原因。
At the same time, this article analyzes the reasons of talent agglomeration in cluster, and concludes that talent is one of productive elements and the externalities of job opportunity agglomeration.
同时，本文探讨了产业集群人才集聚的原因，指出人才的生产要素性质是人才集聚的本质原因，而工作集聚所形成的外部性是人才集聚的外在原因。
At the same time, this article analyzes the reasons of talent agglomeration in cluster, and concludes that talent is one of productive elements and the externalities of job opportunity agglomeration.
应用推荐