当资源枯竭时，狩猎采集者总是可以选择迁移到其他地方，但这对于农业来说则更加困难。
While hunter-gatherers always had the option of moving elsewhere when the resources were exhausted, this became more difficult with farming.
在亚马逊流域，有无数的狩猎采集者，他们生活在世界上最大的沿河生长的树木的枝干上。
There are numberless hunter-gatherers in Amazonia, living along branches of the world's largest river tree.
他们认为，最早发展水稻农业的狩猎采集者一定是在这个南部地区，在现在野生水稻明显的地理范围内。
They argue that the first hunter-gatherers to develop rice agriculture must have done so in this southern zone, within the apparent present-day geographic range of wild rice.
从人类学的角度来看，探究一些社会采用农业而另一些社会保留狩猎采集者或园艺学家的条件是很重要的。
It is anthropologically important to inquire into the conditions that made some societies adopt agriculture while others remained hunter-gatherers or horticulturalists.
有人认为，一旦狩猎采集者占领了整个世界，世界各地的人口就会开始增长，食物将变得稀缺；农业本来是解决这一问题的方法。
It was argued that once hunter-gatherers had occupied the whole world, the population started to grow everywhere and food became scarce; agriculture would have been a solution to this problem.
她叙述起百万年前人类的远古历史：狩猎采集者们会以小团体的形式游荡在无树草原上，然后每年在不同的水源聚集几次。
She conjures millions of years of human prehistory: small groups of hunter-gatherers wandering the savanna, and then congregating a few times a year at this or that watering hole.
“这可真让人不寒而栗，”作家、行动主义者麦德胡斯利·姆科赫尔基说，“灭绝这些狩猎采集者们最稳妥的办法就是夺取他们的领地。”
"It is really frightening, " said author and activist Madhusree Mukherjee. "The surest way to kill hunter-gatherers is to take away their territory."
试图确定新几内亚的狩猎者和采集者面临着一个众所周知的难题：界定什么是狩猎者-采集者群体。
Attempts to identify New Guinean's hunter-gatherers face the well-known difficulty of defining what constitutes a hunter-gather group.
然而，众所周知，当代的采集狩猎者以各种方式控制其人口。
We know, however, that contemporary hunter-gatherer societies control their population in a variety of ways.
起码从85000年前起到大约73000年后农业社会的出现，采猎者依靠狩猎积聚肉类与采集植物为生。
From at least 85, 000 years ago to the birth of agriculture around 73, 000 years later, they combined hunted meat with gathered veg.
我认为我们可以从狩猎-采集者的社会中学到很多。
Here is where I think we have lots to learn from hunter-gatherer societies.
自人类出现以来，大部分时间是作为采集狩猎者。
作为一个物种，自从出现以来，现代人类90%的时间是以狩猎者-采集者的方式生存。
Modern humans have lived as hunter-gatherers for more than 90 percent of their existence as a species.
这不仅是因为她们的日常饮食和饮食习惯发生变化，像研究人员以前相信的一样，而且还因为在农场安家的妇女比游牧的狩猎者-采集者更能生育。
That wasn't just because their diets and eating habits changed, as researchers previously believed, but because women who settled on farms were more fertile than nomadic hunter-gatherers.
他们以沙皇的名义要求驯鹿放养者、草原游牧民、狩猎与采集部落交出毛皮作为贡品。
In the name of the tsar, they demanded pelts as yasak (tribute) from reindeer herders, steppes nomads and hunter-gatherers.
如果现存的狩猎者-采集者还是像古代那样，那么这些关于他们社会模式的新数据对早期人类进化有重大意义。
If living hunter-gatherers are typical of ancient ones, the new data about their social pattern has considerable bearing on early human evolution.
这两者之间的联系是源于原始社会“狩猎——采集”的社会分工，男人去打猎，女人去采摘。
The connecting theme is that in the division of Labour that forms the primordial bargain of human hunter-gatherer societies, it is the men who do the hunting and the women who do the gathering.
古时，男性是狩猎者，女性是采集者。因此我们的大脑进化方式很有可能不同。
In ancient times, men were hunters and women were gatherers. Therefore, our brains probably evolved differently.
古时，男性是狩猎者，女性是采集者。因此我们的大脑进化方式很有可能不同。
In ancient times, men were hunters and women were gatherers. Therefore, our brains probably evolved differently.
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