硬件：物理电路以及相关设备。
HARDWARE: Physical electronic circuitry and associated equipment.
在可构建的物理电路中，电压或电流波形是关于时间的实函数(和复函数相对)。
In any physical circuit that can be built, the voltage (or current) waveforms are real functions (as opposed to complex functions) of time.
晶体管技术的成功和固态物理的进步为另一项新技术奠定了基础，那就是集成电路，也就是IC。
The success of the transistor and advances in solid-state physics provided the foundation for another new technology, integrated circuits, IC's.
它在物理学上被称为串联电路。
等效电路的提出是基于半导体激光器速率方程以及VCSEL芯片结构，电路中各元件都有严格的物理意义。
The model is based on the semiconductor laser rate equations and the structure of the VCSEL chip, and every element in the circuit is represented.
换句话说，电路可以是物理双线(甚至是物理单线)、逻辑四线，它使用较少的线实现四线电路。
In other words, the circuit may be physical two - wire (or even physical one - wire) and logical four - wire, performing as a four - wire circuit but employing fewer than four wires.
介绍了在电路分析中引进的受控电源元件的定义和物理模型。
The definition and physical model of the controlled source element applied in circuit analysing are described.
本文针对该传感器进行了特性测试，并通过实验研究确定了喷油泵内齿条与传感器位置的物理零点，最后对传感器的信号调理电路进行了设计。
So it is the key to choice the sensor. The characteristics of sensor is tested. This paper adjusts the physical zero point between rack and sensor. The circuit of signal adjusting is design.
电压失稳、电压崩溃现象是物理问题，由电路理论可给出合理解释，在实验室环境下应该能够复现其机理本质。
Voltage instability and voltage collapse are physical topic, the explanation could be got from theory of circuit and appeared it's quality from experiment.
但是，发表的文章中多侧重于理论分析和实际应用两个方面，而很少讨论它的建模问题，特别是物理模型和简化的电路仿真模型以及这两种模型间的联系。
There are many papers discussing it, but they pay much attention to the theory analysis and practical application, few to its model, especially the Physics model and the circuit simulation model.
本文首先介绍了超大规模集成电路的物理设计流程，在此基础上引出直角斯坦纳树问题。
At first, this thesis introduces the VLSI physical design process, based on this leads to the rectilinear Steiner tree problem.
所以它物理意义清晰，而且清楚地揭露出各种等效电路之间的关系，便于理解和掌握。
They have the advantages of having clear physical meaning and exposing clearly the relationships among various equivalent circuits.
从VDMOS的物理结构出发建立子电路模型，进而导出描述其交直流特性的参数及模型公式。
A sub circuit model for VDMOS is built according to its physical structure. Parameters and formulas describing the device are also derived from this model.
起重机现代智能电子吊重防摇控制系统的物理实现须建立在现代电子电路设计基础上。
Physical realization of the cranes modern intelligent electronic anti-sway control system must be based on the modern design of electronic circuit.
模拟电路主要实现了由物理闭环和增益控制闭环构成的驱动系统，以及对一次仪表输出信号进行预处理的信号预处理系统。
Analog circuit mainly realizes the drive system consisting of physical loop and gain-controlled loop and signal pre-processing system which ACTS on output signals from primary instrument.
获得充足的有机半导体的纯度和品种已导致突破固体物理和电路实现。
Access to organic semiconductors in sufficient purity and variety has led to breakthroughs in solid-state physics and circuit realization.
根据电阻产生的物理机制即电子声子相互作用提出了RLC电路量子化的一种新方法。
According to the physical mechanism of the generation of the resistance or the electron phonon interaction, a new method is proposed to quantize the RLC electric circuit.
可以预测，目前以硅为基础的集成电路将要达到它的物理极限。
As predicted, the current silicon-based computer circuits are reaching their physical limits.
根据力学系统与电学系统物理量间的对应关系，提出了用电路定律处理线性离散系统谐强迫振动的方法。
Making use of the analogous relations between mechanics and electrical circuit, a method is presented to deal with linear discrete system.
借鉴超大规模集成电路物理设计中的相关思想，提出基于有序树的设施紧置布置编码表示法。
A representation for compact layout of logistics facilities based on an O-tree (ordered tree) was proposed following the approach for design of very large integrated circuit.
电势是物理学的一个基本概念，中学物理和普通物理都对它进行了介绍和分析。对基本放大电路进行动态分析时，它仍然起着重要作用。
Elctric Potential, a basic conception in physics, is introduced and analyzed in middle school physics and common physics. It still takes effect in analyzing dynamically basic amplification circuit.
讨论了一些重要的设计参数对ESD保护电路性能的影响并进行了物理上的解释。
Effects of some key design parameters on the performance of the ESD protection circuit are discussed and physically explained.
电路的时域、频域和复频域三种分析法求解电路的完全响应，比较了三种分析法的物理意义和计算方法。
Using time-frequency-and complex frequency domain analysis to find the complete response of the circuit from the different point, has the different physics meaning and calculating method.
综合作为逻辑设计和物理实现之间的桥梁，在现代集成电路设计中发挥了越来越重要的作用。
The main contents and works in this paper include:As the bridge which links logic design and physical implementation, synthesis is becoming more and more important in modern IC design.
深亚微米下芯片的物理设计面临很多挑战，特别是对于超大规模电路，在后端设计流程上要有新的方法。
The deep submicron technology presents lots of new challenges to the physical design of VLSI and new techniques are needed in the back-end design flow.
从物理和数学的角度，对单相电路、三相电路瞬时有功功率和瞬时无功功率的概念进行了剖析。
From physical and mathematical points of view, this paper analyses the nature of instantaneous active and reactive power.
可通过降低电路的物理温度、择合适的工作频带及低噪声元件等措施，克服电阻热噪声。
The thermal noise of resistance could be overcome by reducing the physical temperature, choosing appropriate working frequency band low noise elements, etc.
当组件(501)位于印刷电路(500)上并且经过回流操作时，粘合剂熔化而形成组件(501)与印刷电路(500)之间的物理接合。
When the component (501) is on a printed circuit (500) and passed through a reflow operation, the adhesive melts forming a physical bond between the component (501) and the printed circuit (500).
本文对四段全控桥电路在整流、逆变工况的微机实时控制进行了理论阐述和物理模拟试验。
This paper concerns the microcomputer-based real-time control of four-step controlled bridge which works both in the mode of rectifier and inverter.
本文对四段全控桥电路在整流、逆变工况的微机实时控制进行了理论阐述和物理模拟试验。
This paper concerns the microcomputer-based real-time control of four-step controlled bridge which works both in the mode of rectifier and inverter.
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