当光子照射到材料表面时，电子受到光子的激发由一个能级跳到更高的能级上，而这些能级对材料来说是特定的。
When a photon strikes the surface, it excites an electron to a higher energy level, which is specific to the material.
也就是说，常温会，激发分子的一些转动能级。
In other words, ordinary thermal energies do populate some number of rotational levels of molecules.
这种获得能量的电子和他留在原来能级上对应的位置的空穴的相互作用叫做一个激子激发过程，而这两个不同能级之间的部分被称作带隙。
The interaction between the energized electron and the hole it leaves behind is called an exciton, and the difference in energy levels between the hole and the electron is known as the bandgap.
通过紫外线光电子光谱和光学吸收的测量，研究人员测定了纳米晶体中电子的最低激发态能级。
By using UV photoelectron spectroscopy and optical absorption measurements, the researchers determined the energy of the lowest excited electronic states in the nanocrystals.
原子被这些碰撞而激发，它们为了返回原来的能级，通常会发出光亮。
The atoms are excited by these collisions, and they typically emit light as they return to their original energy level.
这个额外的电子填充了传导带的较低能级，有效的导致了被激发的电子溢入较高，释放光子的能级。
The extra electron fills up the lower-energy state in the conduction band, causing excited electrons to, effectively, spill over into the higher-energy, photon-emitting state.
到目前为止的kT都比第一激发态能级低，所有状态都在基态。
Where the kT is lower than, by far, than the first excited level. Everything's in the ground state.
作为例子，详细讨论了二能级原子与真空场的相互作用以及处于激发态的原子与相干场的相互作用。
Both interactions of a two-level atom with a vacuum field and a excited atom with a coherent field, as examples, are discussed in detail.
该现象是由薄膜中金属超微粒子内费米能级附近电子被飞秒激光脉冲激发所产生的非平衡态电子经历瞬态弛豫造成的。
The optical relaxation is a process in which nonequilibrium electrons, excited by laser pulses and originating from near Fermi level in Cu ultrafine particles, return to the equilibrium state.
在可见光范围给出了所观察到的各条谱线的发射截面及相应上能级的激发截面。
The emission cross sections of the observed lines and the excitation cross sections of the corresponding states are obtained in the visible region.
利用具有中间共振能级的无多普勒双光子相干选择激发来提高激光同位素分离的选择性和激发速率。
Selectivity and excitation rate of laser isotope separation can be enhanced by using the coherent selective Doppler-free two-photon excitation with intermediate resonant level.
这种光子会激发OH分子的较高振动能级。
Such photons will excite the higher vibrational levels of the OH molecule.
本文研究了双光子共振相干激发三能级系统的问题。
In this paper coherent excitation of two-photon resonance in three-level systems is discussed.
我们将讨论这些元激发的电荷、自旋属性和能级结构。
We will introduce their charge and spin properties, and energy band structures.
FASPB作为一种阿秒超快调制过程，从理论上说它可以扩展到任何两偶极禁戒跃迁激发态的能级和系统。
As an attosecond ultrafast modulation process, FASPB can be intrinsically extended to any level-summation systems of two dipolar forbidden excited states.
本文报道用双色三光子共振电离法测量钐原子高激发态78个新能级。
The paper reports the measurement of 78 high-lying levels in samarium atoms by two-colour three-photon resonant ionization.
原子激发态是不稳定的，其必然会自发地向低能级衰变，产生自发辐射现象。
Atom's motivated state in not stable, it inevitably disintegrate into the lower energy state, which makes the phenomenon of the spontaneous radiation.
由于过程中不包括芯能级激发，因此可避免芯能级激发时伴随的“驰豫过程”引起的信号失真。
Since core-level excitation is not involved in the process related to IPES, signal distortion caused by excitonic effects is not present in IPES.
研究了相干驱动场激励下的三能级系统激发谱并进行计算和分析，给出了激发谱的变化规律，得到了与实验一致的结果。
Theoretical excitation spectra in the three_level system is calculated and analyzed in detail and the results are identical with experiments.
结果表明，配体的三重态能级与稀土离子的激发态能级匹配。
The results show that the triplet state energy of the ligand is most matching with the excitated state energy of rare earth ions.
本文研究了激发相干态与与V -型量子拍频三能级原子作用时的动力学行为，并对光子反聚束效应和系统光场的压缩特性进行了细致的讨论。
The dynamic behavior of the interaction between the V-type quantum-beat three-level atomic system and the single-mode squeezed vacuum field has been studied based on the quantum theory.
结合循环伏安曲线图及五甲川菁的光吸收阈值，初步确定五甲川菁染料电子基态和激发态能级位置。
The ground state level and the excited state level of the dye were determined by using the cyclic voltammetry and the optical absorption spectroscopy.
由于二萘嵌苯的电子激发态与半导体导带能级间的强电子转移耦合，这一控制任务较电子激发态为目标态而言，更适合于实验研究。
Because of the strong coupling of the excited perylene state to the band continuum of TiO_2 this control task seems more appropriate for a study in the experiment.
本发明的目的是提供具有高的激发三重态能级并完全约束了发磷光物质的三重态激发的发射层中的主体化合物。
The invention aims at providing host compounds for light-emitting layers which have high excited triplet energy levels and can completely confine phosphor triplet excitons.
与氰基丙烯酸基相比，（联）绕丹宁乙酸基团作为电子受体更能降低染料的LUMO能级，从而使得激发态染料分子的电子注入驱动力变弱。
Compared to cyanoacrylic acid group, the(co) rhodanine acetic can also shift LUMO of dye positively and reduce the force of electron injection into conduction band of TiO2.
与氰基丙烯酸基相比，（联）绕丹宁乙酸基团作为电子受体更能降低染料的LUMO能级，从而使得激发态染料分子的电子注入驱动力变弱。
Compared to cyanoacrylic acid group, the(co) rhodanine acetic can also shift LUMO of dye positively and reduce the force of electron injection into conduction band of TiO2.
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