条目的得分概率与潜在特质呈特定的回归关系，这些关系通常称为各种数学模型。
There is a certain regression between the score probability of an item and the latent trait, and the regressions are usually represented as mathematic models.
不同的潜在特质，适用于不同特性的条目来测量，这将提高测量精度和测验效率。
A given level of latent trait could be measured by specially featured items, so that the measurement accuracy and test efficacy will be increased.
若观测变量和潜在特质之间的关系在相比较的群体之间等同，就称该量表具备测量等价性。
Equivalent measurement is obtained when the relations between observed test scores and the latent attribute measured by the test are identical across subpopulations.
十八世纪中叶的解剖学家们为不同物种之间潜在的相同特质所着迷。比如蝙蝠的翅膀就具有人类手掌的所有组成部分。
Anatomists in the mid-1800s were fascinated by the underlying similarities of traits in different species - the fact that a bat's wing, for example, has all the same parts as a human hand.
然而也正因为必须全力以赴，潜在的本能和不为人知的特质终将充分展现出来。
However, it is precisely because to do, the potential and the unknown nature of instinct will fully demonstrated.
结果表明：特质焦虑的潜在分布是离散的；特质焦虑存在特征明确的子类型。
The results show that the underlying distribution of trait anxiety is discrete; there are subtypes in trait anxiety with some characters.
因此，现有的和潜在的捐赠归因为非盈利组织的人格特质，以及基于组织的个性来区分不同的非盈利组织。
Thus, current and potential donors ascribe personality traits to nonprofit organizations and differentiate between nonprofit on the basis of the organizations' personality.
结果表明：特质焦虑的潜在分布是离散的；
The results show that the underlying distribution of trait anxiety is discrete;
结果表明：特质焦虑的潜在分布是离散的；
The results show that the underlying distribution of trait anxiety is discrete;
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