虽然在冰川消退期间二氧化碳含量的变化与温度的变化密切相关，但它显然滞后于冷却期间的温度。
Although change in carbon dioxide content closely follows change in temperature during periods of deglaciation, it apparently lags behind temperature during periods of cooling.
在混凝土结构中，由于混凝土导热系数小，外部环境急变时，内部温度变化存在明显的滞后现象。
In concrete structure, due to coefficient of conduction for concrete is small, when external environment changes sharply, the change for internal temperature has distinct hysteresis.
马氏体的正、逆相变遵循完全相同的路径，上述这些特点正是该合金具有良好的形状记忆效应以及窄的相变温度滞后的原因。
All of above mentioned microstructure features are the reason for good shape memory effect and a narrow temperatures hysteresis of phase transformation in TiNiCu alloy.
针对一类具有大滞后及模型慢时变的温度控制系统，提出了一种自适应预测控制方案。
Considering a temperature control system with great delay and model slow changes, a new adaptive prediction control scheme is presented in this paper.
针对焦炉温度的大惯性、纯滞后、非线性和时变性等特点，提出了一种新的模糊复合控制方法。
Aiming at the coke oven temperature characteristics of great inertia, pure time-delay, non-linear and time changeable, a fuzzy compound control method is proposed.
温度变量具有大滞后和非线性特点，传统的控温方法不能获得满意的结果。
Because of the large delay and non-linear characteristics of temperature change, the satisfactory results can not be obtained by using the traditional method for controlling temperature.
在热分散过程中，由于温度控制具有非线性、慢时变、大滞后的特点，并存在不可测干扰。
In the heat dispersion process, temperature control has the characteristic of nonlinear, slow time-varying, lagging behind the major and simultaneously unpredictable disturbance.
所得关系式可用于轮胎温度场滞后热源的定量分析。
The obtained equations could be used to quantitatively analyze the hysteresis heat source of tire temperature field.
针对电阻炉温度被控对象的纯滞后特性，设计了内模pID鲁棒控制器。
The resistance furnace temperature is a time delay system, an internal model PID robust controller is presented in this paper.
针对热风箱温度滞后的控制和卷绕过程中的非线性控制，本文提出了自调整因子模糊—PID复合控制器和PID参数自调整模糊控制器。
The paper presents Self-regulation factor Fuzzy-PID controller and PID self-regulation fuzzy controller in order to control temperature lagging object and nonlinear object in taking-up device.
给出了硬件原理图，并详细介绍了温度对象控制过程中克服滞后、减小超调量提高控制精度的方法。
The hardware principle diagram is given. The methods of decreasing the overshoot and increasing the control precision during controlling the temperature are described in details.
由于温度控制系统为纯滞后系统，纯滞后会引起系统的不稳定或降低系统的工作性能。
Because the temperature control system is a pure time delay system which will cause system unstable or reduce work performance.
带来的滞后，即使有振动，温度漂移，或电器故障一个稳定的开关信号。
The hysteresis brings about a stable switching signal even when there are vibrations, temperature drift, or electrical failures.
采用电子模拟传感器输出信号的方法不能将温度传感器的测量滞后、故障以及使用现场的噪声等情况反映出来。
For traditional simulation methods, which simulate the output of temperature sensor, measurement lag, fault and the environment noise of temperature sensors can't be considered.
针对烟叶发酵温度控制系统的大滞后、大惯性、强耦合、时变的特点，提出了一种烟叶发酵温度的模糊控制系统。
Aiming at the characteristics of large delay, great inertia, strong coupling and time varying in the control system of tobacco leaf fermenting temperature, a fuzzy control system is put forward.
热处理电阻炉温度控制具有大的滞后性、非线性、难以获得准确数学模型的特点。
The characteristic of delay, nonlinearity and difficulty to acquire the precise mathematical model existing in the temperature control of the heat treatment resistance furnace system was studied.
为了克服这种不协调现象，针对涂料生产线中温度控制大滞后、非线性等特点，本文在神经网络PID控制的基础上，引入预测控制思想。
To overcome the mismatch, with the backward, non-linear characteristics of temperature control of dope production, the paper introduces the predictive controls based on the neural network PID.
结果表明：燃料温度变化相对于功率的变化缓慢且滞后，燃料温度反应性负反馈不能及时抑制功率的变化是形成系统参量产生衰减振荡的主要原因。
The results indicate that fuel temperature changing more slowly than nuclear power makes reactivity negative feedback not to restrain power changing, and then power concussive progress comes to being.
着重研究注塑机的料筒温度对象系统，指出非线性、大滞后、强耦等特性。
The related control scheme is discussed to solve such problem as nonlinear, lag and close coupling characters of extruder barrel temperature after research.
由于该温度对象具有滞后特性，采用传统的PID控制、模糊控制或神经网络控制等单一的控制策略效果并不十分理想。
Due to the temperature object is delay, the control result is not very satisfactory for the control results of traditional PID, fuzzy control, or neural network control.
在随后的温度循环中，其形状的变化是可逆的（沿曲线2），滞后效果很小。
With continuation of temperature cycling there is a reversible change of the shape(along curve 2) with a very small hysteresis.
通过在烤漆生产线上的电阻炉的实验应用，显示史密斯预估位式调节器能有效抑制纯滞后造成的非线性位式控制系统的持续振荡，有效提高位式温度控制系统的控制精度。
Using the application on baking paint stove, it appears that smith prediction on-off controller can reduce the oscillation value of on-off control system and improve the accuracy effectively.
通过在烤漆生产线上的电阻炉的实验应用，显示史密斯预估位式调节器能有效抑制纯滞后造成的非线性位式控制系统的持续振荡，有效提高位式温度控制系统的控制精度。
Using the application on baking paint stove, it appears that smith prediction on-off controller can reduce the oscillation value of on-off control system and improve the accuracy effectively.
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