经常地，在托管服务公司不能按服务协议提供服务时，在线游戏运营经理必须要对其托管服务公司进行管理。
All too often, online game operations managers must manage their hosting provider company when the company fails to live up to service agreements.
单实例在线游戏对于开发人员的好处是，大大降低了开发、部署和运营的成本。
The benefits of a single-instance online game to developers are a dramatically reduced cost of development, deployment, and operations.
这个开发、发行和运营游戏的行业越来越复杂了。
The industry that creates, distributes, and runs games is complex.
本文将侧重介绍影响游戏运营的几个主要经济因素。
This article looks at some of the factors that impact the cost of operating that game.
在本系列的下一篇(即最后一篇)文章中，我将回顾整个过程，并描述如何将游戏环境投入运营。
In the next (and last) installment in this series, I'll recap the entire process and describe how to put the game environment to work.
解决问题永远是首位的，因为在实践中，对于多玩家在线游戏的日常运营而言，合同用处不大。
Problem resolution is the first order of business, because in reality, contracts are nearly useless when it comes to the day-to-day operation of a multiplayer online game.
对于一个游戏运营经理而言，首先想到的并不是打电话给法律代理人以期按合同的规定操作。
For a game operations manager, the first thought is not to call an attorney for contract enforcement.
为了控制在线运营的复杂性，游戏行业使用一些合同条款和一种标准方法将全球划分为便于管理的区域。
To manage the complexity of online operations, the industry uses several terms and a standard methodology for breaking down the physical world into manageably sized chunks.
不过转网时运营商又会千叮咛万嘱咐，如果跳槽去别家，可能无法享受很多他们最喜欢的服务——比如提供游戏下载，手机电视和手机支付。
But it is made abundantly clear to switchers that many of their favourite services—such as downloadable games, mobile-TV services or payment systems—may not be available on a rival network.
开发了自己的游戏的公司，他们现在希望通过托管自己的基础结构公开运营这些游戏。
Companies that have developed their own games and now wish to make them available to the game-playing public by hosting their own infrastructures.
拿校内网（现改名为"人人网"）上流行的组件“开心农场”为例，该游戏是由一群80后青年研发。包括首席运营官（COO）徐成就是其中一员。
For example, the popular Renren.com game "Happy Farm" was developed by a group of post-80s youngsters, including COO (chief operating officer) Xu Cheng.
而另一方面，运营支出(opex)与资本性支出(capex)之间比较的讨论使得云计算成为创业型企业的游戏规则改变者。
On the other hand the opex vs capex discussion makes it a game changer for startups. He says.
但游戏的其它方面则被非常小心地集中控制着：游戏运营商花费巨大努力向所有玩家提供均等的机会。
Yet other facets of the game are centrally controlled with great care: tremendous effort goes into offering equal opportunity to all players.
数年前，一个叫暴雪娱乐的加州游戏开发和运营公司偶然通过发布比他们预期的更致命的“瘟疫”来增加游戏的趣味性。
A couple of years ago the game's owners, a Californian firm called Blizzard Entertainment, accidentally spiced things up by releasing a plague far more virulent than they had intended.
网络游戏运营商的经验让它找到了付款渠道的突破点。
Its experience as an online game operator offered the company a payment channel breakthrough.
多年来，移动运营商玩着一场微妙的游戏，在手机制造商的品牌影响力与自身对客户关系的控制和对手机的补贴意愿之间寻找平衡。
For years mobile phone operators played a delicate game, balancing the power of phone manufacturers' brands against their own control of customer relationships and a willingness to subsidise handsets.
有经验的运营商会让游戏更受欢迎，不应该低估他们的作用；在选择运营商时应该把期望值定得高些。
The value that an experienced vendor can bring to this process should not be underestimated, and you should set your expectations high when making your vendor selection.
门户网站、微博运营商新浪则在建立一个应用程序商店，其中包括收费游戏。
Web portal and microblogging operator Sina Corp. is building an application store that includes paid games.
至于游戏产业，他们的优势在于拥有自己的在线服务器，不需要通互联网运营商便可自行解决问题。
The games industry has an advantage because companies control their own online services and do not have to rely on Internet service providers to cut off pirates.
我们真的改变了游戏规则……你买手机的时候是运营商决定手机的内容的。
We really changed the rules of the game... When you bought a phone the carrier dictated what you had on the phone.
此举因为网易寻求监管机构的批准，造成游戏停止运营三个月。
The move caused a three-month shutdown as NetEase sought permission from regulators.
这是一个运营游戏最本分的事情。
游戏简介：《反恐行动》是一款由金山软件自主研发和维护运营的3d主视角射击休闲网游。
About the game: "anti-terrorist operation" is a software developed by Kingsoft operation and maintenance of the main perspective 3d shooting game leisure.
如果低估了玩家数量，设备就可能不足以支持游戏的运营，玩家会觉得游戏不流畅，因此放弃这个游戏。
If you underestimate this number, you will not have enough equipment for game launch, meaning the game will likely tank and you actually made mistake #1.
对于那些想要使用Android代码而又不愿意遵守谷歌游戏规则的厂商和运营商来说，他们现在有了别的选择。
Other options are opening for manufacturers and carriers that don't want to play Google's game but still want access to the Android code.
对于那些想要使用Android代码而又不愿意遵守谷歌游戏规则的厂商和运营商来说，他们现在有了别的选择。
Other options are opening for manufacturers and carriers that don't want to play Google's game but still want access to the Android code.
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