首先，大多数人没有意识到强大的商业议程正在起作用，让他们处于被动消费模式中。
First, most people do not realise that there are strong commercial agendas at work to keep them in passive consumption mode.
至少在18个月至一年的实验中尚未发现小额贷款对家庭平均消费的作用。
There was no effect on average household consumption, at least within a year to 18 months of the experiment.
这对消费产生了抑制作用。
例如消费券，它有暂时的和局部的作用。
Consumption coupons, for example, have a temporary and localised impact.
全社会固定资产投资总额17.23万亿元，增长25.5%，国内需求特别是消费需求对经济增长的拉动作用增强。
Fixed asset investment across the country totaled 17.23 trillion yuan, up 25.5%. Domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, played a greater role in boosting economic growth.
甚至进一步提高准备金要求也不可能有足够的影响(或作用)来减缓消费者借贷。
Raising reserve requirements even further might not have enough of an impact to slow consumer lending.
另外，过去一部分石油价格上涨的作用是由消费者负债增加及贸易赤字来吸收，而这两种方式都使得美国经济更加脆弱。
Moreover, part of the cost of absorbing past oil-price hikes has been higher consumer debt and a huge trade deficit, both of which make America's economy more vulnerable.
亚洲同行的激烈竞争，汽车购买者银行积蓄的蒸发，以及消费者信心崩溃的共同作用重创了底特律三巨头—通用，福特和克莱斯勒。
A combination of fierce Asian competition, an evaporation of bank financing for car buyers and a collapse in consumer confidence has hammered Detroit's "big three" – GM, Ford and Chrysler.
不过，这对于服装生产商也许鲜有慰藉作用，即便他们仍要应付萧条的消费境况，但也不得不涨价。
That may be little consolation to apparel producers, who have been forced to raise prices even as they're still coping with the sluggish consumer.
对于遏制经济增速下滑，对于克服企业的困难，对于扩大消费，应该说产生了积极的作用。
They have been very effective in stopping the slowdown in economic growth, in overcoming the difficulties of enterprises and in expanding consumption.
最近，消费支出开始发挥更大作用让人备受鼓舞。
It is encouraging that consumer spending has started to play a bigger role of late.
广告的作用就在于能使消费者相信他们尚未拥有这个商品或这种商品前所未有。
Ads can make consumers believe they've tried products that they haven't or that don't even exist.
它产生的负作用就是发达国家消费市场出现了日渐攀高的赤字。
The flip side was the rising deficits of consumer countries in the developed world.
中国必须增加国内消费，发挥出自己应有的作用。
China needs to play its part by increasing domestic consumption.
的确，只有不断提高资产价格水平，它的财富效应才能起到辅助刺激消费的作用。
Indeed, the wealth effects of higher asset prices will help lift spending. Ample liquidity is therefore likely to continue to stoke asset prices.
出于同样的原因，悲观派可能过分夸大了最近资产萃取(equity extraction，注三)的升温对烧沸脆弱的消费支出的作用。
By the same token, however, the pessimists may exaggerate how much the recent rise in equity extraction has fuelled an unsustainable spending binge.
请注意：这与服务是如何被执行的并不相关，而是与服务的消费者和提供者之间的相互作用相关。
Note: this is not about how the service is implemented, but rather the interaction between the consumers and providers for this service.
这个属性将被用来动态的关联消费者和提供者的交互作用。
This property will be used to correlate consumer and provider interaction at runtime.
但是，要想促进消费在中国经济中持续发挥作用，还需要采取更多措施。
But, more is needed to boost the role of consumption in China's economy on a sustained basis.
也许他们的消费对于典型的家庭面临的价格有着抬高的作用。
Perhaps their spending has an undue influence on the prices faced by the representative household.
由于社交媒体拥有庞大影响力和渗透作用，如果不能了解消费者对公司的线上评论，将成为一种商业风险。
Now, the penetration and impact of social media is such that failing to understand what consumers are saying about a company online has become a business risk.
作为西方世界的消费者，你很容易觉得品牌和其作用——影响消费者，给他们带来社会地位感，建立其对商家的忠诚度——都是理所当然的。
It is easy when you live in the West to take brands - their power, their ability to conjure up feelings of status among consumers, the loyalty they can generate - completely for granted.
较高的商品价格的作用就像消费税，把财富由消费资源的个人或公司转移到生产此资源的公司或国家。
Higher commodity prices act like a consumption tax, transferring income from households and companies which use the resources to companies and countries that produce them.
而高房价也同时通过财富效应而间接发挥作用，随着资产增加，消费者花销也会增加。
They also have an indirect impact via the wealth effect, as consumers increase their spending in response to improvement in their balance-sheets (see article).
他担心，日本和欧洲也会过于依赖出口推动经济增长，让美国家庭重新发挥最终消费者的作用。
He worries that Japan and Europe, too, will remain too reliant on exports for growth, placing U.S. households back in the role of consumer of last resort.
“我们认为，美联储可以在保护消费者方面发挥建设性作用，”他在上个月在众议院金融服务委员会这样陈述。
"We think the Fed can play a constructive role in protecting consumers," he told the House Financial Services Committee last month.
“我们认为，美联储可以在保护消费者方面发挥建设性作用，”他在上个月在众议院金融服务委员会这样陈述。
"We think the Fed can play a constructive role in protecting consumers," he told the House Financial Services Committee last month.
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