本文的主要目的就是探讨铁矿石海运运价的决定机制和影响因素，以此为铁矿石行业的相关经营者和海运承运人的决策提供参考。
The objective of this thesis is to support iron ore and shipping company in their decision making related to iron ore transportation and freight rates.
托运人和承运人是海运合同的两个当事人。
“承运人”指任何人在运输合同中，承诺通过铁路、公路、空运、海运、内河运输或上述运输的联合方式履行运输或由他人履行运输。
"Carrier" means any person who, in a contract of carriage, undertakes to perform or to procure the performance of transport, by rail, road, air, sea, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes.
在海运货运代理中货运代理人以自己的名义开展业务时可能作为代理人、承运人及居间人的三种身份状态出现。
In the transport the freight transportation by sea, the agent, carrier and middleman status of freight forward under the circumstance of freight forward's performing on his own behalf.
1978年《汉堡规则》在世界范围内第一次确立了海运实际承运人制度。
Hamburg Rules established the system of performing carrier of sea transportation for the first time in 1978.
海运公司、航空公司、卡车公司和铁路公司均为承运人。
Shipping lines, airlines, trucking companies and railroad companies are all carriers.
实际承运人概念的设立，是为了澄清纷繁复杂的国际海上货物运输法律关系的关系方，确定海运当事人的权利义务。
The purpose is to clarifying the parties and their rights and obligations of the complicated relations in the international carriage of goods by sea.
无船承运人具有承运人的法律地位，并继续享有海上货物留置权，但其签发的提单有别于一般的海运提单。
The NVOCC (None Vessel Operating Common Carriers)belongs to carrier and still enjoys marine cargo lien, but the bill of lading it issues is something different with the normal bill of lading .
无提单放货 海运提单是物权凭证，货物运到目的港后，承运人有义务将货物交给正本提单持有人。
Delivery of goods without bill of lading Bill of Lading is a document of title, the goods to the port of destination, the carrier is obliged to deliver the goods to the original bill of lading holder.
“承运人”指在运输合同中，承诺通过铁路、公路、空运、海运、内河运输或上述运输的联合方式履行运输义务的任何人。
Carriermeans any person who, in a contract of carriage undertakes to perform or to procure the performance of carriage by rail, sea, air, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes.
“承运人”指在运输合同中，承诺通过铁路、公路、空运、海运、内河运输或上述运输的联合方式履行运输义务的任何人。
Carriermeans any person who, in a contract of carriage undertakes to perform or to procure the performance of carriage by rail, sea, air, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes.
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