福岛第一核电站的反应堆都是沸水反应堆。
The reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi plant are boiling - water reactors.
我想要着重在沸水反应堆，也压水式反应堆。
And I wanna focus in on the boiling water reactor and the pressurised water reactor.
现在，下一张幻灯片会给你们一个简单的，关于沸水反应堆的原理图的版本。
Now the next slide gives you a simple version of a boiling water reactor, a schematic.
沸水反应堆紧急制冷系统的水泵和电动机和紧凑的两厢车竖起来的大小差不多。
The emergency cooling system pump and motor for a boiling-water reactor are roughly the size and height of a compact hatchback car standing on its back bumper.
沸水反应堆是有点不同的，我们会在详细的讨论这些系统是如何，工作的，但是让我将它们进行对比。
Boiling water reactors are somewhat different and we'll discuss in greater detail how these systems work but let me just contrast them for you.
在像福岛核电厂的沸水反应堆中，冷却反应堆芯的水还拿来煮沸，以此推动涡轮机旋转从而产生电量。
In a boiling water reactor like those at Fukushima, the same water that cools the reactor core also boils and drives the turbine to generate power.
所以加压水反应堆和沸水反应堆的不同，就是沸水反应堆的在抑压池里有个装置，使得蒸汽能够释放出来。
So the big difference between a PWR and BWR is that a BWR has a built in suppression pool for the steam that maybe released.
沸水反应堆中包含数千根细长的中空管即燃料棒，它长3.6米，福岛第一核电厂中的燃料棒是锆合金制成的。
A BWR contains thousands of thin, straw-like tubes 12 feet in length, known as fuel rods, that in the case of Fukushima are made of a zirconium alloy.
Daiichi的一号反应堆——根据核子协会，6个沸水反应堆中最老的反应堆——自1971年3月开始商业运行。
Daiichi's No. 1 reactor — the oldest of six boiling-water units at the site, according to the nuclear association — began commercial operation in March 1971.
福岛第一核电站使用的反应堆是由通用电气设计制造，称之为马克一号沸水反应堆。 该反应堆长期以来多认为安全壳系统薄弱。
The type of reactors used at the Fukushima plant — made by the General Electric Company, they are known as Mark 1 boiling-water reactors — have long been known to have weak containment systems.
这里还是核心，你们记得，在一个沸水反应堆里，主要的供给水会进入到，反应堆，然后出来，变成了蒸汽，然后会直接进入涡轮。
We have again the core and as you recall in a boiling water reactor the main feedwater goes into the reactor and comes out as steam and goes right to the turbine.
电力公司表示当地时间下午2点46分，在福冈工厂中的1号，2号，3号单元--六个工厂中三个--在地震后停止了运行，这几个工厂都是沸水反应堆。
Tepco said at about 2:46 p.m. local time Units 1, 2 and 3 at its Fukushima Daiichi plant -- three of six at the plant -- shut following the earthquake. All are boiling water reactors.
通常说来，冷却塔吸入空气是为了冷却反应堆的沸水。
Normally, the towers inhale air to cool hot water from the reactors.
对一个沸水型反应堆来说，这是更细节的观点，关于反应堆核心来说，指出了几个功能。
For a BWR this is a more detailed view of the reactor core, pointing out several of the functions.
现在，沸水型反应堆的燃料组件是和特殊的，因为在核心的地方已经沸腾了，那就需要一个保险措施，能让每一个，燃料组件都能冷却并且得到水。
Now BWR fuel assembly is unique in the sense that because we have boiling going on in the core there needs to be some assurance that every fuel assembly is getting coolant and getting water.
还有很清楚地，许多不同种的燃料组件，如你们会在一个沸水型，和加压水式反应堆看到的，燃料组件是不同的，所有产生在一个燃料针的，热量都需要除去。
And clearly, many different types of fuel assemblies, as you will see a BWR and PWR fuel assemblies are different and all heat that is generated in that one fuel pin needs to be removed.
你们可能使一个蒸汽发生器的管道破裂，也可能使一个仪器的线断裂，可能会得到管道破裂的光谱，在沸水式反应堆容器的里面。
You could break a steam generator tube, you could break an instrument line and you could have a spectrum of pipe breaks in a BWR inside of containment.
这一个是很熟悉的，增压安全阀的疏忽打开，或者是在压水式反应堆的减压阀，或者是在沸水式反应堆的安全阀。
This one is the familiar one, inadvertent opening of a pressurised safety or relief valve in a PWR or a safety valve in a BWR.
现在，我们回顾一下沸水式反应堆，我们会做一个压水式反应堆。
Now let me go over boiling water reactors and then we'll do pressurised water reactors.
而且，我们放入控制刀片，在操作过程中来控制沸水型反应堆的功率分布。
In addition we put in control blades during operation to control power distribution in a BWR.
这是个沸水式反应堆和压水式反应堆的，设计上的重要区别，沸水型反应堆的燃料组件，是罐装起来确保我们得到，的冷水的供应足够。
This is a very important design difference between a BWR and a PWR. So, BWR fuel assemblies are essentially canned to make sure we have an adequate supply of cooling water.
现在，两种在美国很普遍的类型，是压水式反应堆和沸水式反应堆。
Now the two types that are common in the United States are the pressurised water and the boiling water.
它最初开始时沸水式反应堆，在1970年代晚期，那里他们有，对于泵而言，他们有碎片屏幕。
And it originally started with boiling water reactors back in the late nineteen seventies where they had, for the pumps, they had debris screens.
日本那座没有被正确冷却的反应堆，也就是福田第一电站第一反应堆，是一座沸水堆。
The reactor that was not cooling properly in Japan, the Fukushima Daiichi No. 1 reactor, was a boiling-water type.
一种方法用在沸水式反应堆，要用2个东西。
所以，我们有一个，2个障碍，相比于,沸水型反应堆的一个来说。
So, we have one, two, barriers as compared to a single barrier for a BWR system.
沸水式反应堆的压力大约在1000磅，那使得沸腾可以在核心这个地方发生。
The pressure in a BWR is about a thousand pounds which allows the boiling to take place in the core.
沸水式反应堆的压力大约在1000磅，那使得沸腾可以在核心这个地方发生。
The pressure in a BWR is about a thousand pounds which allows the boiling to take place in the core.
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