使无压水工隧洞的完建期和检修期的围岩稳定问题得到较为满意的解决。
Satisfying solution is obtained in stability of non pressure tunnel surrounding rocks during the establishing period and the repairing period.
这在国内水工隧洞中应用得很少，正开始逐步推广应用，本文对该项施工工艺作一简单介绍。
This technique has not yet been widely used so far, but comes to spreading at present in China. This paper gives a brief presentation of its construction workmanship.
水工隧洞设计（如圆形、马蹄形断面）在设计规范中给出了计算方法和公式，并考虑了围岩的抗力作用。
The calculation methods and formulae were shown in many standards fo designing hydraulic tunnel including sections of circle and hoof with considering the effect of elastic resistance.
虽然水工隧洞堵头的工程量一般不大，但作为水利水电工程的主要控制条件之一，其工期要求都比较紧迫。
Although the amount of hydraulic tunnel plug works in general little, but as one of the the main control of the conditions, the demands of their schedule are more urgent.
为此，提出了将安全系统工程的理论用于水工隧洞建设的思路，并在工程实践中进行了应用研究，取得了较好的效果。
Therefore, a new method for tunneling project based on the safety system engineering is given herein, which has been applied to the actual construction project and better effect has been got as well.
对于水工隧洞衬砌混凝土，在施工期由于水泥水化热作用，温度应力影响显著，是产生混凝土结构裂缝的重要原因之一。
As for hydraulic tunnel lining concrete, thermal stress is one of important factors that cause concrete cracks, due to the heat of hydration of cement in the construction period.
水工隧道混凝土衬砌均存在不同程度的裂缝，本文介绍了尾水隧洞衬砌混凝土裂缝预防和不同类型裂缝的处理办法。
Cracks of different levels exists in hydraulic tunnel concrete liner. The prevention of liner concrete cracking at tailwater tunnels and measures on different levels cracking are discussed in detail.
相应的高水头大直径水工压力隧洞的建设也逐渐增多。并且越来越多的工程采用地下钢筋混凝土岔管。
Building of hydraulic tunnels with high head and large diameter increase gradually, and the underground reinforced concrete branch pipe is adopted in more and more projects.
对于均质连续岩体，通过模拟围岩抗力，可以仅取衬砌及其附近围岩作为分析对象，将水工压力隧洞应力分析转化为受内、外压的厚壁圆筒。
When the hydraulic pressure tunnel is pressed by water, the concrete of tunnel transfers the pressure to the surrounding rock mass, and it also is pressed by the rock reaction force at the same time.
该计算方法较好的反映了水工高压隧洞的内水外渗后实际受力变形情况。
The calculation method can preferably reflect the actual stress and strain situation of hydraulic tunnel with high pressure with seepage from inner tunnel to outer tunnel.
本文以昆明市掌鸠河引供水工程上公山隧洞TBM施工为例，阐述了双护盾隧洞掘进机（TBM）在不良地质条件下施工所遇到的典型问题。
This paper takes the TBM Application in Shanggongshan tunnel as an example, expatiates the typical problems and difficulties encountered during the course of double-shield TBM construction.
长距离无压引水隧洞水气两相流的研究对于引水工程过流能力及运行安全具有重要的理论意义及指导作用。
The study of water-air two-phase flow in long-distance free flow tunnel is of great significance to the conveyance capacity and operation safety of water diversion project.
长距离无压引水隧洞水气两相流的研究对于引水工程过流能力及运行安全具有重要的理论意义及指导作用。
The study of water-air two-phase flow in long-distance free flow tunnel is of great significance to the conveyance capacity and operation safety of water diversion project.
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