如果你正在寻找一次一生难忘的冒险经历，那么来一场蹦极，从直升机上跳到活火山口怎么样？
If you're looking for the adventure of a lifetime, how about going bungee jumping off a helicopter into the crater of a live volcano?
科马提岩于1969年首次被发现，它是地球上已知的最古老的火山岩，含镁量是大多数火山岩的三倍。
First identified in 1969, komatiites are Earth's oldest known volcanic rocks and contain three times as much magnesium as do most volcanic rocks.
几个世纪以来，这座火山约有200次爆发的记录，但与其他火山相比，这座火山的爆发程度迄今为止都相当轻，造成的死亡和破坏较少。
Some two hundred eruptions have been recorded down through the centuries, but compared with other volcanoes, most of its eruptions have so far been fairly light in terms of death and destruction.
破火山口因后来的阵发性爆发而扩大，最终于公元79年一次爆发。
The caldera was enlarged by later paroxysmal eruptions ending in the one of AD 79.
冰岛近代史上最强劲的一次火山爆发，是1783年的拉基火山爆发，给人类历史带来了严重的灾难。
In Iceland's most recent history the massive eruption of the Laki volcano in 1783 caused one of the greatest disasters in living history.
事实上，基拉韦厄火山是世界上最活跃的火山，据此观测站的记录，它自1952年以来爆发了34次。
In fact, Kilauea is the world's most active volcano, and it has erupted 34 times since 1952, according to the observatory.
如果气候变暖导致埃里伯斯火山的冰帽融化，那么一次巨大的火山喷发将呈现在眼前。
The active volcano has been cited as one that could see large eruptions if warming starts to melt its ice cap.
第一和第三次的爆发的火山灰覆盖了大部分北美州。
Both the first and third eruptions covered most of North America with ash.
测量这次危机带来的经济影响如同预测下一次火山灰何时何地出现一样困难。
Gauging the economic impact of the crisis is as difficult as predicting when and where the next cloud of ash will appear.
然而，在那天的上午8点32份，在经过几周的小地震和蒸发沸腾以后，圣海伦火山的背面坍塌，形成了有史以来最大的一次山体滑坡。
But at 8:32 a.m. that day, after weeks of small earthquakes and belching steam, the north face of Mount St. Helens fell away, the largest landslide ever recorded.
第三，有一次撞击又碰巧发生在火山活跃的地区。
Third, one of them just happened to strike where these volcanoes were active.
一位昨天被困在都柏林机场的女士说在上个月因为艾雅法拉火山生成的第一次火山灰导致航班停航一周的时候，她也是被困在了机场。
A woman stuck at Dublin airport yesterday said she had also been stranded by the first ash cloud from Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajokull which halted flights for a week last month.
他们比较了取自火山爆发期次的喷发早期的火山灰和取自典型火山喷发的喷发后期的火山灰。
They compared ash that was ejected in the early, explosive phase of the eruption with ash from a later, more typical eruption of the volcano.
1669年，埃特纳火山史上最严重的一次喷发持续了四个月之久，烤焦了十数个村庄，烧穿了卡塔尼亚城的城墙，最终流入大海才静止。
Mount Etna's most destructive eruption in history went on for four months in 1669, singeing a dozen villages, breaking through Catania's city walls, and finally steaming to a standstill in the sea.
最近一次大规模喷发：2002年火山爆发产生的高速岩浆流至今还在流淌。
Last major eruption: an eruption in 2002 produced fast-moving lava flows and is still going today.
在近代历史上只有一次火山爆发达到了7级的火山爆发强度指数，它的爆炸力是喀拉喀托火山爆发的10倍。
Only one explosion in recent history has made it to 7 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index – 10 times bigger than Krakatoa.
一次足够大的火山爆发能够令数百万立方吨的气体和灰烬上升到大气层。
A large enough volcanic eruption can cause millions of cubic tons of gas and ash to be sent high into the atmosphere.
印尼的默拉皮火山喷发，这是默拉皮一个多世纪以来最大的一次，已造成至少70多人死亡。大批房屋被焚毁，整个地区笼罩在白色的火山灰烬下。
Indonesia's Mount Merapi has erupted with its biggest explosion in more than a century, killing at least 70 more people, incinerating homes and blanketing the region in white ash.
火山专家说，星期五的火山喷发是自1870年代以来最大的一次。
Volcano experts said the Friday blast was the biggest since the 1870s.
这幅图像显示了M 87大质量星系里的一次极大的“超级火山”喷发。NASA的钱德拉X射线望远镜和国家科学基金会(nsf)的超大阵列(VLA)目击了此景。
This image shows the eruption of a galactic "super-volcano" in the massive galaxy M87, as witnessed by NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and NSF's Very Large Array (VLA).
1952年，在一次轻微地震后，此处有过小规模的火山灰喷发。
A minor eruption of ash following an earthquake occurred on this part of the island in 1952.
看到这里大量的枕状熔岩，辛顿立刻产生一个假设：也许该区域的海山都形成自同一次火山喷发的多条岩浆流？
There are lots of pillow lavas here too, prompting Sinton to form a hypothesis: perhaps the seamounts in this region formed from the same volcanic eruption, made up of many flows?
该火山最近两次的喷发已经对这座城市造成打击，众多房屋被毁，居民流离失所。
Twice in recent years Nyiragongo's eruptions have hit the city, destroying homes and sending residents fleeing.
2004年和2006年对这座火山进行观测的科学家们说，这座火山相当活跃，最近的一次爆发后形的的火山锥高达131英尺，984英尺宽。
The volcano is so active that it has recently built a new cone that reaches 131 feet high and extends to 984 feet wide, said scientists who started making observations there in 2004 and 2006.
特德斯科一直在拼命催促火山研究领域的顶级科学家对这里进行定期的实地研究，唯有如此，科学界才能掌握尼拉贡戈火山每一次活动的精确记录。
Until top scientists make regular visits-something Tedesco has been desperately urging-the best that can be done is to maintain a precise record of Nyiragongo's every move.
库页湖形成于8300—8400年前的一次大型火山喷发与地壳下陷。
Kurile Lake was formed 8300-8400 years ago by a large volcanic explosion and a collapse of the Earth crust.
大约3600年前，一次巨大的火山喷发摧毁了离希腊不远的爱琴海中的圣托里尼岛。
About 3, 600 years ago, a massive volcanic eruption devastated the island of Santorini in the Aegean Sea near Greece.
大约3600年前，一次巨大的火山喷发摧毁了离希腊不远的爱琴海中的圣托里尼岛。
About 3, 600 years ago, a massive volcanic eruption devastated the island of Santorini in the Aegean Sea near Greece.
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