但是从那时此，技术水平得到了显著的提升：现在只需八天和10000美元就进行一次人类基因组测序成为了可能。
The technology has improved enormously since then: it is now possible to sequence a human genome in about eight days, at a cost of around $10,000.
当花了好几个年头，第一次测出人类基因组的百分之一时，他们操心自己永远完不成测序，但他们的工作进展很快就呈现出指数曲线性。
When it took years to sequence the first 1 percent of the human genome, they worried they'd never finish, but they were right on schedule for an exponential curve.
一些研究人员提倡“鸟枪法”——将整个基因组切成片段，然后一次性对所有的片段进行测序与汇编——但是可获得的计算机无法胜任这个任务。
Some researchers favored a shotgun approach-cutting up whole genomes, then sequencing and assembling them all at once-but available computers weren't up to the task.
对水稻基因组的研究表明，这种作物是在一个地区一次驯养完成的，而不是在多个地区经过多次驯养才完成的。
A study of the rice genome suggests that the crop was domesticated only once, rather than at multiple times in different places.
在第一次全面比较了人类和尼安德特人的基因组以后，科学家们发现，人类有4%的DNA来自于这些遭到恣意诽谤的远亲们。
Scientists revealed that up to 4% of our DNA is Neanderthal after the first comparison of the complete genomes of humans and our much maligned Cousins.
这是第一次原生细菌的基因组在酵母中也成功地复制。
This is the first time a native bacterial genome has been grown successfully in yeast.
这是第一次被完善的，对于遭受疾病的人的基因组系统的研究。
This is the first time genomes of people suffering from disease have been completed.
这是第一次从原核到真核再到原核生物的跨生物种类的基因组转移。
This is the first time that genomes have been transferred between branches of life—from a prokaryote to eukaryote and back to a prokaryote.
这是科学家第一次复原出完整的古人类基因组。
It was the first time scientists had recovered an entire ancient human genome.
哺乳动物细胞的DNA复制启动是一个高度协调的过程，从而保证了每次细胞分裂中基因组只复制一次。
The initiation of DNA replication in mammalian cells is a highly coordinated process that ensures duplication of the genome only once per cell division cycle.
对DNA降解片段进行测序的新方法使得科学家们能够第一次对现代人基因组与我们的尼安德特人祖先的基因组进行直接的比较。
New methods of sequencing degraded fragments of DNA allowed scientists to make the first direct comparisons between the modern human genome and that of our Neandertal ancestors.
对DNA降解片段进行测序的新方法使得科学家们能够第一次对现代人基因组与我们的尼安德特人祖先的基因组进行直接的比较。
New methods of sequencing degraded fragments of DNA allowed scientists to make the first direct comparisons between the modern human genome and that of our Neandertal ancestors.
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