模型检测基于概率系统的反例产生问题，在最近引起人们的关注。
Model checking probabilistic systems have been studied well these years, but counterexample generation for probabilistic system model checking has just drawn some attentions recently.
这是波恩定则的推论，它定义了对一个量子系统的测量产生某种结果的概率。
This is the consequence of Born's rule, which defines the probability that a measurement on a quantum system will yield a certain result.
那么系统处于这样一个状态的概率是多少？
What's the probability that the whole system will be in such a state?
对于具有大量用户或运行长期事务的系统，或者事务涉及大量实体，需要等待锁释放的概率则会增加。
On a system with many users or with long-living transactions, or when transactions involve a greater number of entities, the probability of having to wait for a lock to be released increases.
在某种情况下，这个能量被占据的概率更大，因为有更多的状态数，对于系统而言，这个数目不是三或者是一。
Just the way, in a very small way, this energy might be favored just because there are more states with it then there are states here. But again, with the system, it's not a factor of three to one.
换句话说，系统的内能等于任意状态的能量,乘以系统处于这个状态的概率。
Of Pi times Ei. In other words, it's going to be determined by the energy of any system state times the probability that the system is in that state.
Pouget认为像这样的概率决策系统有很多优势。
Pouget says a probabilistic decision-making system like this has several advantages.
英格兰银行对68家公司进行的两年一度的系统风险调查显示，人们认为未来会发生“重大影响”时间的概率是2008年7月以来最高的。
The Bank's twice-yearly systemic risk survey of 68 firms showed that the perceived probability of a future "high impact" event was at its highest level since July 2008.
特别是Ext4利用日志校验和写屏障来减少由日志或乱序写入磁盘缓存(out -of - orderwritecachingonharddrives)而导致的文件系统数据部一致的概率。
In particular it USES journal check summing and write barriers to help reduce the probability of data corruption from journals and out-of-order write caching on hard drives.
科学家们指的是MonteCarlo模拟法，它是一种用于建立概率(或者说“随机”)系统模型，并计算出某些结果出现概率的统计方法。
The scientists are referring to Monte Carlo simulations, a statistical technique used to model probabilistic (or "stochastic") systems and establish the odds for a variety of outcomes.
复杂系统的概率描述提供了一种状态序列的表示方法，涉及到一个包含符号和字母的符号系统。
The probabilistic description of complex systems offers a representation in terms of sequences of states that can be regarded as symbols, or letters of an alphabet.
所有的预测系统，从地震预测到癌症诊断，只要给定事件基础概率和预测准确率，都可以用这种方法分析相关的概率。
Any forecasting system, from quake prediction to cancer screening, can be analysed in the same way once the base-rate and accuracy figures are given.
它会大很多，比某个使得系统处于某个能量的概率。
It might be just enormously larger than other possibilities that'll tend to put the energy at a certain place.
如何利用概率，建立一个正收益的系统。
How to use probability to establish a system of positive earnings.
实验结果表明，该算法具有较高的检测概率，能够满足系统的精度和实时处理要求。
The experimental results showed that this method has higher detection probability and satisfied with system accuracy and robustness require.
利用概率分析和随机模型的密度演化方法，导出了系统的一些新的可靠性指标和最优检测策略。
The new system reliability indices and the optimal inspection policy are obtained by using probability analysis and the density evolution method in stochastic.
编码简单且误判概率很低，在通信系统中得到了广泛的应用。
Coding simple misjudgment of very low probability, the communications system, which is widely used.
本文讨论了ALOHA、SCPC-DA等卫星通信系统中用随机方式占用卫星公用信道的碰撞概率问题。
The collision probability of randomly occupying the satellite common channel on the satellite communications system of ALOHA, SCPC-DA etc.
实验和计算结果证明激光能够干扰红外成像制导系统，并使其命中概率大幅度下降；
The experiments and calculation results prove that the laser weapons can disturb the IR imagining guided system and make the hitting probability decline greatly.
今年夏天之前，该系统将会与全世界警报系统相连接，并将会在检测到地震后7分钟内确定海啸发生的概率。
By the summer the system should be hooked up to alarms around the world, and will be able to determine tsunami risk within seven minutes of a shock being detected.
预警系统分2个级别，红色信号属I级，表示细菌性食物中毒概率大于25%，黄色信号属II级，表示中毒概率为15% - 25%。
A red alert will mean a 25% or more risk of bacterial food poisoning, while a yellow alert will warn of a 15%-24% possibility.
但我们感染上炎症性疾病(简称IBD)的概率仍然很高，因为免疫系统会错把肠道细胞和友好的肠道细菌当做攻击对象。
But we also have the highest rates of inflammatory bowel disease, or ibd-when the immune system mistakenly attacks intestinal cells and friendly gut bacteria.
文中分析了在白高斯随机噪声情况下，系统的虚警概率和捕获概率。
Propabilities of false alarm and acquisition of the system in white gaussian noise are discussed.
该系统包括六个子系统：人机界面、内核、集合论、概率分布、随机现象和帮助子系统。
The system consists of six subsystems, which are human computer interface, kernel, sets theory, probability distribution, stochastic phenomena and help subsystem.
用矢量范数定义了一类多发射天线系统，并对各系统的中断概率性能进行了研究。
A class of multiple transmit antenna systems is defined based on vector norm and the outage probability of them are studied.
我们所需要的系统是要灵活，会根据变化中的环境适应，并且从本质上说，讲概率而不是讲确定性的系统。
What are needed are systems that are flexible, adapt to changing circumstances and are, at their core, probabilistic rather than deterministic.
我们所需要的系统是要灵活，会根据变化中的环境适应，并且从本质上说，讲概率而不是讲确定性的系统。
What are needed are systems that are flexible, adapt to changing circumstances and are, at their core, probabilistic rather than deterministic.
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