但有资料表明下颌切牙的根管解剖形态较为复杂，变异较多。
However, some research data show that mandibular incisors' root canal anatomy is comparatively complex, and root canal system has many variations.
目的：探讨上颌第一前磨牙的根管解剖形态对根管治疗术难度的影响。
PURPOSE: to investigate the effect of root canal anatomy in maxillary first premolars on root canal treatment difficulty.
有侧、副根管。 与前人的研究比较后发现，不同种族间的根管解剖形态确有差别。
These findings showed that the root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors had racial difference.
目的了解根管的形态结构，为牙疾病治疗提供解剖学参考。
Objective to study the root canal system morphology and provide anatomic facts for treatment of dental disease.
目的研究上颌第一磨牙根管口形态和位置关系，为根管治疗时寻找根管口提供解剖学依据。
Objective To study the shape and location of root canal orifice in maxillary first permanent molar and provide a morphological basis for locating canal orifice in endodontic therapy.
目的研究上颌第一磨牙根管口形态和位置关系，为根管治疗时寻找根管口提供解剖学依据。
Objective To study the shape and location of root canal orifice in maxillary first permanent molar and provide a morphological basis for locating canal orifice in endodontic therapy.
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