他成功合成了全部RNA成分，使得当他们与天然核糖体蛋白质混合时，他们组成活的核糖体。
He has managed to synthesise all the RNA components in such a way that, when they are mixed with natural ribosome proteins, they form working ribosomes.
但利用一系列的镜像蛋白质，丘奇认为自己能构建这样的核糖体。
But with a set of mirror proteins, Church thinks he could build one.
如果核糖体依靠蛋白质起作用，那会变成一个悖论。
If ribosomes depended on proteins to function, that would have been a paradox.
它的职能之一是充当信使将遗传信息从细胞核运送至制造蛋白质的机器——核糖体。
One of its jobs is to act as a messenger carrying genetic information from a cell's nucleus to the machinery which makes proteins.
切奇在研究制造核糖体——由许多蛋白质和RNA组成的复杂设计——从零开始。
Dr Church is working on making ribosomes—complex contraptions with dozens of protein and RNA components—from scratch.
去年，丘奇的研究团队通过自组装获得了合成核糖体，并产生了荧光素酶，这种蛋白质可以使萤火虫发光。
Though they haven’t published their results yet, last year his team got a synthetic ribosome to self-assemble and produce luciferase, the protein that makes fireflies glow.
Berg博士说，蛋白质似乎是后来加上去的。也就是说，核糖体是一个RNA为基础的工厂，进化出制造蛋白质的能力。
The protein seems to have been added later, which means the ribosome is "an RNA-based machine that evolved the ability to make proteins."
核糖体按照DNA携带的信息安排蛋白质完成一系列重要的工作，包括从生成皮肤和骨骼，到建立免疫系统和向身体各部位输送氧气。
Based on the information in DNA, ribosomes make proteins to do a range of vital jobs, from making skin and bone, to building immune systems and transporting oxygen around our bodies.
大量的3d图像表明，依附在核糖体上的抗生素可以在蛋白质数据库中找到，使用一种名为“第一眼”的工具人们就可以看到这些蛋白质。
Dozens of 3d images that show antibiotics sticking to ribosomes are available in the Protein DataBank, and you can look at them yourself with a tool called First Glance.
科学家们曾认为，细胞中的大多数RNA是由蛋白质编码基因产生的信使RNA，核糖体rna，或其它地方的少量rna。
Scientists thought that most RNA in a cell was messenger RNA generated by protein-coding genes, RNA in ribosomes, or a sprinkling of other RNA elsewhere.
另一种被称之为rna的核酸负责将信息传递到名为核糖体的分子机器上，核糖体通过阅读RNA信息，并将氨基酸串联起来形成蛋白质。
Another nucleic acid, RNA, carries the information to a molecular machine called a ribosome, which reads the RNA and strings together amino acids to form the protein.
信使RNA分子将指令传递到一个叫核糖体的细胞结构上，核糖体再根据指令制造蛋白质。
The RNA messenger molecules relay them to structures known as ribosomes that read them and make proteins accordingly.
核糖体由蛋白质和RNA组成，有的排列在内质网上，有的则在细胞中呈游离状态。
The ribosomes, made up of RNA and protein, are found either lining the endoplasmic reticulum or free within the cell.
线粒体约含1 000种左右蛋白质，其中98%以上系由细胞核编码，在细胞质核糖体上以前体形式合成之后再运至线粒体并选分定位于各部分。
About 98% of the 1 000 or so mitochondrial proteins are encoded in the nucleus and synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes as precursors, which are then imported into mitochondria.
大多数细胞蛋白质都是在细胞质中的核糖体上被制造的。
Most cellular proteins are manufactured on ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
核糖体是一个以RNA和蛋白质为基础的合成蛋白质的分子机器。
Ribosome is a molecular machine based on RNA, which provides the workshop and tools to synthesize all of the proteins in cells.
研究表明，大环内酯类抗生素能与细菌核糖体50s亚单位的L 2 7及L 2 2蛋白质结合，抑制细菌的蛋白合成而发挥抗菌作用。
Studies showed that macrolide antibiotics exert antimicrobial effects by binding to L27 and L22 protein of the 50s subunit of bacterial ribosomes and inhibiting protein synthesis.
几秒钟后，组装完成的蛋白质离开核糖体。
After few seconds, the assembled protein starts to emerge from the ribosome.
核糖体就像细胞中的建筑工人，制造了细胞中的蛋白质。
Those are like construction workers inside your cells and they build protein.
核糖体失活蛋白是一类作用于真核细胞核糖体，抑制蛋白质合成的毒蛋白。
Ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) are a large group of proteins that are potent inhibition of eukaryotic protein synthesis.
例如，核糖体具有最重要的细胞机能之一：以信使RNA做为样板，把胺基酸合成蛋白质。
The ribosome, for example, carries out one of the most important cellular functions: the synthesis of proteins from amino acids, using messenger RNA as the template.
他们是最早确定参与核糖体蛋白复合体结构新生的细胞蛋白质。
They were the first to determine the structure of a ribosome-protein complex involved in carrying nascent proteins out of the cell.
他们是最早确定参与核糖体蛋白复合体结构新生的细胞蛋白质。
They were the first to determine the structure of a ribosome-protein complex involved in carrying nascent proteins out of the cell.
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