这种变化表现在树木的年轮中。
爬行动物的骨骼生长在本质上是周期性的，在骨头上产生一系列的同心圆，就像树木的年轮一样。
Bone growth in reptiles is periodic in nature, producing a series of concentric rings in the bone, not unlike the growth rings of a tree.
替换可能是一个令人惊叹的精确过程，因此贝壳纹饰的细节，树木的年轮和骨的微妙结构都被准确地保存。
Replacement can be a marvelously precise process, so that details of shell ornamentation, tree rings in wood, and delicate structures in bone are accurately preserved.
这就是树木的年轮告诉他的。
树木的年轮学不仅是重要的历史，而且天气人类历史的。
Studying tree rings is important not only for the history of weather, but also of the history of man.
树木的年轮和季节性沉积被称为年变层，可计算用于确定绝对年龄。
Tree rings and seasonal sedimentary deposits called varves can be counted to determine absolute age.
此外，他和他的同事利用其他种类树木的年轮记录重构了此地区过去的气候情况。
In addition, he and his colleagues used tree-ring records from other species of trees to reconstruct the region's past climate.
不过，通过树木的年轮和更多的现代历史记录，人们还是可以查到一些大洪水爆发的记录。
Yet vast floods have also been documented, both through tree-ring data and more modern historical records. Marcia K.
在过去的一部分时间里，人们没有温度计测温，那些研究过程就使用具代表性的数据，比如树木的年轮来衡量。
For parts of the past where there were no thermometers to consult, such studies use proxy data, such as tree rings.
史威特南说，为了获取巨木林中树木的年轮样本，研究人员被允许可以收集倒下树木或枯立木的横截面。
To gather samples from the Giant Forest trees, the researchers were allowed to collect cross-sections of downed logs and standing dead trees, he said.
而且，尽管树轮记录为当今全球变暖提供了可对照的内容，由人类活动引起的气候变化远不止取决于树木的年轮。
And the idea of anthropogenic climate change rests on a great deal more than just tree-ring records, useful as they are for providing context to the current warming.
据许多人说，其中一种已经有200岁了，不过我不明白一个人怎么去确定这个事实：也许就像数那被砍下树木的年轮。
One of the pair, it was widely said, had turned out to be 200 years old, although I do not understand just how one determines such a fact: perhaps it is like counting the rings of a felled tree.
一万年的树木年轮显示，碳14水平大约每420年上升和下降一次。
Ten thousand years of tree rings show that the carbon-14 level rises and falls about every 420 years.
你可以通过数年轮来判断树木的年龄，但是作为树木生命的记载，年轮能说明的东西远不止于此。
You can tell the age of a tree by counting its rings, but these records of trees' life really say a lot more.
在地球上，人们认为，表明太阳黑子周期最可靠的迹象之一是树木的生长速度，就像树干横截面上可见的年轮一样。
On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow, as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks.
尽管树木年轮表明当时发生了气候剧变，却没有任何数据解释这次剧变的原因。
But while the tree rings show variability, there is no data for why these climate changes occurred.
但是年轮很小，表明那些树木的生长是极其缓慢的。
But the rings were very small, showing that the trees grew extremely slowly.
他们收集的数据涉及到14种变量，包括人类身高，黄金价格，树木年轮密度，以及欧洲工业化之前公元1500年到1800年之间的温度变化。
They collected data on 14 variables, such as human height, the price of gold, tree ring width, and temperature from pre-industrial Europe between the years 1500 and 1800.
同树木一样，石笋通常也有能显示其年生长周期的年轮。
Like trees, stalagmites are often composed of concentric layers that represent annual growth periods.
为了对年轮进行研究，研究人员通常会从树木取出一块铅笔大小的核心部分。
To study tree rings, researchers generally take a pencil-sized core from a tree.
Dendro - climatologist -利用树木年轮来研究气候记录的研究学家。
Dendro-climatologist a researcher who USES tree rings to study the climate record.
现年40岁的Cary树木服务业主CaryWatkins把手中的电锯停下搁在一边，费了好些时间才数出一棵大橡树的135个年轮。
Nearby a chain saw paused as Cary Watkins, 40, owner of Cary's Tree Service, took the time to count 135 rings on a large oak.
他们然后使用当地的降雪记录来寻找有气象记录的年代里降雪量和树木年轮中氧元素同位素的比率之间的关系。
They then used local snowfall records to find the relationship between precipitation and the proportion of heavy oxygen in tree rings for the years covered by the weather records.
这是因为树木每年都会产生新的年轮。
早期的气温数据是根据冰芯和树木年轮估算出来的，虽然不如温度计那么准确，但我们依然可看到，过去的十年是一千年来气温最高的十年。
Estimates of earlier temperatures made from data such as ice cores and tree rings, though not as reliable as thermometers, suggest the decade may have been the warmest in the past millennium.
树木年轮的碳同位素和冰核中钚同位素的检测都显示出在上述阶段的大多数时间内太阳辐射能量出现下降。
Isotopes of carbon in tree rings and beryllium in ice cores show a drop-off in solar radiation during much of the period.
我们在小学就已经了解到，树木的每圈年轮代表一年，不过这些同心圆还隐藏这更多的信息。
You learn in grade school that each ring in a tree represents a year. But there's more information hidden away in these concentric rings.
为了得出每年的气温值，他们对生长在高海拔地区的针叶树的年轮进行测量，这种树木在炎烈的夏天生长得比较快，而在寒冷的年份就长得比较慢。
To get annual temperatures, they measured rings in high-altitude conifer trees, which grow faster in warmer summers and slower in colder years.
为了得出每年的气温值，他们对生长在高海拔地区的针叶树的年轮进行测量，这种树木在炎烈的夏天生长得比较快，而在寒冷的年份就长得比较慢。
To get annual temperatures, they measured rings in high-altitude conifer trees, which grow faster in warmer summers and slower in colder years.
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