只有突变成银行中的基因才是有效基因。
该算子通过判断父代的城市是否相邻来保存有效基因片断，通过加入一个移动的窗口来加快算法收敛。
The crossover preserver the snippet of effective genes, and a moving window is used to fasten the algorithm convergence.
本研究获得以下主要结果：1、高蛋白含量（GPC）基因GPC-B1是控制小麦蛋白质含量的一个有效基因。
The major results of the study are the following:1 High protein content(GPC) GPC-B1 gene controlling the protein content of wheat an effective gene.
将抗性基因转入葡萄品种是培育无核葡萄抗病品种的有效途径。
It is an effective approach to breed the resistance cultivars of seedless grape by transferring resistant gene into the cultivars of Vitis vinifera.
这种设定有助于改善后代的遗传品种，使优秀的基因能够在优胜劣汰的进程中得以保存。这非常冷酷无情，但很有效果。
This agenda improves the genetic variety of offspring, and the greater the variety, the better our genes' chances of surviving into the future. Cold, heartless, but effective.
基因筛查正快速成为一种有效手段，不仅运用于癌症诊断，而且也用于癌症治疗。
Gene screens are fast becoming a powerful tool, not just for diagnosing cancer but for treating it as well.
这个研究小组发现，阻断一种基因可以使健康细胞对放疗产生免疫力，即使对于大剂量的放疗也同样有效。
The team have found that blocking the action of a gene seems to make healthy cells immune to even very large doses of radiation.
稍作改动，药品也许对治疗数百种疾病有效，以此兑现诸如实现干细胞和基因治疗这些神奇疗法的承诺。
With a slight redesign, the drug might work for hundreds of diseases, fulfilling the promise that wonder cures like stem cells and gene therapy have failed to deliver.
既然人类有一样的基因，研究小组认为研究结果有潜力去开发更有效的减肥药。
Since humans have the same gene, the team thinks it may serve as a potential target for drugs to prevent obesity.
全世界的研究人员都试图证明基因疗法能够有效治疗眼病，这项临床测试只是所有这些努力中的一个。
The trial is one of a handful worldwide seeking to prove the effectiveness of gene therapy for eye diseases.
有效的载脂蛋白基因通常有助于控制血流中某种脂肪的产生和活动，缺乏该种基因的动物，其脑部炎症和神经损伤会无法控制。
Animals without functioning apolipoprotein genes, which normally help control the production and activity of certain fats in the bloodstream, experienced runaway brain inflammation and nerve damage.
这种方法一时间非常有效，但接着蚊子重磅回击——大自然的生存法则让蚊子大军有了抗杀虫剂的良好基因。
For a time, it was successful, but then evolution struck back, as natural selection favoured the spread of insecticide-resistant genes.
全世界的研究人员都试图证明基因疗法能够有效治疗眼病，这项临床测试只是所有这些努力中的一个。
Thetrial is one of a handful worldwide seeking to prove the effectiveness of genetherapy for eye diseases.
基因疗法对癌症有效了。
癌症研究团队英国方面的癌症信息主任莱斯利·沃克说，“这是一项激动人心的研究，增进了我们对于p53基因机理的了解。揭示它是怎样起调节作用的，对研发更有效的药品和癌症诊断方法有重要的意义。”
Lesley Walker, cancer Research UK's director of cancer information, said: "This is a really exciting study which improves our understanding of how the p53 gene works."
人类携带有许多可以阻止肿瘤生长的基因，但是，如果表观基因组受到了破坏，就会有效地使这些基因沉默，使人体更有可能罹患癌症。
Humans carry a number of genes that stop tumours from growing, but disruption to the epigenome can effectively silence these genes, making it more likely a person will develop cancer.
如果研究人员在人类身上能找到类似的基因通路，也许可以研发出能有效治愈糖尿病的药物。
If researchers can identify a similar genetic pathway in humans, they may be able to develop drugs to effectively switch off diabetes.
其他的项目也在考虑同样的方法，但是他们还在纠结怎样更有效的分享那些能够让人们能够预防或治疗疾病的基因信息。
Other projects are considering such steps but are still wrestling with the issue of how to share results in a meaningful way that might allow people to prevent or treat diseases.
科学家从226位患者的基因信息中进行测试，在640位患者中分析了这项测试，并在周一报告了在其他526名患者中有效性的研究。
Scientists developed it from gene information on 226 patients, analyzed it in 640 patients, and on Monday reported a validation study of it in 526 others.
“长”形式基因在释放和回收这种神经传递素上更有效率。
The longer variant leads to more efficient release and recycling of the neurotransmitter.
1996年，孟山都取得了一项欧洲基因专利，使大豆能够抵抗他们的公司生产农达除草剂，农达除草剂的有效成分是草甘膦。
Since 1996, Monsanto has held a European patent on genes that give soya beans resistance to the company's Roundup herbicide - specifically the active ingredient glyphosate.
但甚至小鼠试验，白藜芦醇也尚未证实像雷帕霉素这么有效，针对一个基因来控制细胞的生长和分化。
But at least in mice, even resveratrol hasn't proven as powerful as rapamycin, which targets a gene that's central to the regulation of cell growth and development.
他们发现，这种变异致病基因显著减少了疟原虫感染病例的数量，并有效缓解了疟疾病患的病情。
They showed that the mutation definitely reduces the number of malaria-causing Plasmodium vivax parasites, lessening the severity of the disease.
并不是所有的基因组的知识都可以转化，更强大有效的诊断工具还需要很长时间来研发。
Not all genomic knowledge is translatable, and more powerful diagnostic tools are still years down the road.
批评者认为没有绝育系统是百分之百有效的，饲养的鱼类将不可避免地逃出来。同时，这种基因工程三文鱼对野生三文鱼的冲击也是未知的。
Critics say that no sterilization system is perfect, farmed fish invariably escape and the impact of a genetically engineered salmon on wild stocks is unknown.
批评者认为没有绝育系统是百分之百有效的，饲养的鱼类将不可避免地逃出来。同时，这种基因工程三文鱼对野生三文鱼的冲击也是未知的。
Critics say that no sterilization system is perfect, farmed fish invariably escape and the impact of a genetically engineered salmon on wild stocks is unknown.
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