如图4.2所示，晶粒流动的方向就是在塑性变形期间结晶排列的方向。
As shown in Fig. 4.2, grain flow is the direction of the pattern that the crystals take during plastic deformation.
结果表明：增加冷却速率、预变形处理和晶粒细化有利于初始凝固组织中存在的非平衡组织的分散细化。
The results show that, increasing cooling rate, pre-deformation and grain refinement are useful for spreading of the non-equilibrium microstructure around the primary grains.
动态再结晶晶粒尺寸随着变形温度的升高而增大，随着应变速率的升高而减小。
The dynamically recrystallized grain size increases with increasing deformation temperature and reduces with increasing strain rate.
晶粒长大到微米尺度时，变形机制主要是位错协调的晶界滑移和位错滑移塑性。
The main deformation mechanisms are dislocation accommodated grain boundary sliding and dislocation slip plasticity when the grains grow to micro size.
比较了传统TMCP与新型TMCP的异同，总结了目前采用的细化晶粒低温大变形方法的两种机制。
The differences between conventional TMCP and new type TMCP were compared, and two mechanisms of low temperature large deformation for fine-grained were summarized.
文中提出了一个双相合金超塑性变形晶粒三维重排模型。
A model is established to describe the three-dimensional grain rearrangement in duplex alloy during superplastic deformation.
合金在高应变速率的变形中通过动态再结晶可获得更细的晶粒尺寸，其断裂时总延伸率在135%左右。
They also show that a finer grain size can be obtained by dynamic recrystallization during superplastic deformation at a high strain rate, but the total elongation to failure is limited in about 135%.
非典型等轴细晶材料超塑变形中复杂多变的显微组织易于产生晶粒群的运动形式。
Grain group movement is easy found in superplastic deformation of the materials with complex microstructure.
说明在变形速率不太高的情况下，变形温度是影响奥氏体或铁素体晶粒尺寸的主要因素。
The deformation temperature is the main factor which affects the grain size of austenite or ferrite when the strain rate is not changed largely.
变形量越大，则再结晶温度越低，晶粒尺寸越小；
The lower the recrystallization temperature, the smaller is the grain size.
另外大量之高温塑性变形可以产生较小之肥粒铁晶粒这样可以抵消高温热浸温度所造成之晶粒粗大效应。
Large amounts of deformation can lead to smaller ferrite grains which can balance the high temperature soaking effect.
在试验基础上就一般强度船板钢热变形时奥氏体再结晶百分数及晶粒尺寸与工艺参数的关系进行了研究。
According to the experiment, the effects of rolling parameters on the extent of austenite recrystallization and grain size show a varying way in different temperature area.
同时，初始应变速率和变形温度影响奥氏体晶粒尺寸和析出相的分布。
Meanwhile the initial strain rate and strain temperature affect the austenite grain size and distribution of precipitation phase.
挤压变形后合金的晶粒明显细化，并且基本上消除了铸态合金中留下的缩孔，力学性能得到显著改善。
Extruded alloy after deformation obviously refined grains, and the virtual elimination of as-cast alloy left shrinkage, mechanical properties are significantly improved.
指出增加变形速率使近缝区金属强化机制为位错强化、一定数量的岛状第二相强化和细晶粒强化。
It has been indicated that the strengthening mechanism of the weld metal is the dislocation, a number of second island phases and fine grain size.
机械热影响区存在部分动态再结晶和较明显的塑性变形晶粒。
There exist a partly thermodynamic recrystallization, and superplastic grains appear in the thermo-mechanical affected zone.
主要研究了晶粒尺寸、变形速度对微镦粗工艺的影响。
The effects related to grain size, deformation velocity for the process of micro-upsetting are investigated.
借助于高放大倍率的二次复型组织，观察了LF6铝合金超塑变形后的表面晶粒组织。
With the secondary duplicated model structure with high magnification, the surface grain structure of LF6 aluminum alloy superplastically deformed is observed.
研究结果表明：经过大变形后，由于纯铜的晶粒得以细化，抗拉强度、屈服强度、硬度和断裂延伸率都显著增加。
The results show the tensile strength, yield strength, hardness and elongation increased obviously due to the decreasing of the grain size of pure Cu after severe plastic deformation.
合金的变形机制主要是位错滑移，晶粒碎化和几何动态再结晶机制。
The major deformation mechanisms were found to be dislocation glide, grain breaking, and geometric dynamic recrystallization (GDRX).
研究了不对称轧制晶粒细化问题，结果表明，与对称轧制相比，在相同的变形量下不对称轧制可以使晶粒更细。
Grain refinement during asymmetric rolling was studied. The result showed that the grains of asymmetric rolled product are finer than that of symmetric rolled product in the same reduction.
高锰钢的优良耐磨性能使其有广泛的应用范围，但在热处理过程中却难以保证所要求的显微组织，并容易引起脱碳、晶粒长大、裂纹和变形。
High manganese steel are widely used for its excellent abrasion resistance. However it is difficult to avoid defects of decarburization, grain growth, cracking and deformation during heat treatment.
分析结果表明，轧制变形使板带晶粒细化，抗拉强度增加，伸长率降低；
The results show that the rolling will make the grain fine, the tensile strength increased and the prolongation rate reduced.
临界变形区晶粒长大的最初驱动力是晶界两侧的畸变能差。
The primary driving force of coarse grain formation in the critical deformation region is the energy difference of distortion between both sides of grain boundaries.
提出了通过显示奥氏体实际晶粒度、裂纹形貌和扩展方式来分析热锻模具型腔表层塑性变形行为的试验方法。
This paper advanced a study method that can observe plastic deformation behavior of surface layer of die cavity by showing austenite grain, size, crack morphology and propagation mode.
观察结果表明AA5182的晶粒在变形前后保持等轴状态不变，而6016的晶粒在变形中被拉长。
The results show that the grain of AA5182 keeps equiaxed before and after deformation, while that of 6016 was elongated due to tension deformation.
在超塑性变形过程中发生发生连续回复和再结晶，导致原始大晶粒组织经超塑性变形后的显著细化。
The initial large grain microstructure became much finer after superplastic deformation. The large grained superplastic phenomenon could be explained by continuous recovery and recrystallization.
试验结果表明，振动埋弧焊工艺能有效地降低焊接残余应力和变形，并细化晶粒。
The results of test showed that vibratory submerged arc welding can reduce residual stress and distortion notably and make the grains fine.
提出了采用热扭转试验来模拟金属材料热变形时塑性变形程度与晶粒大小相互关系的方法。
The method of relationship between plastic deformation degree and grain size was put forward, when the thermos-deformation of metal was simulated by the thermos-torsion test.
分析了应力与已滑移变形的晶粒百分比，以及与已滑移变形晶粒中平均滑移带数目之间的关系，发现微应变可分为三个不同的阶段。
Three different microstrain stages were found after analysis of the relations between the stress and the percentage of yielding grain and the average number of slip band per yielding grain.
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