由日本电气公司(NEC)研制的，这个鼓型的机器是日本最早的晶体管计算机之一。
Manufactured by the Nippon Electric Company (NEC), the drum-based machine was one of the earliest transistorized Japanese computers.
虽然发明于1948年，但第一台全晶体管计算机直到1959年才成为现实。
Although invented in 1948, the first all-transistor computer did not become available until 1959.
有些人想研究脑细胞和蛋白质，而不是数字计算机和晶体管。
Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins.
晶体管后来成为了一项叫做“计算机”的新发明的基础，我想正在阅读本文的你对于这个应该比较熟悉吧。
The transistor became the basis of a new invention called the "computer" which I suspect those of you reading this may be familiar with.
但是英特尔的套件缺少一个重要的组成部分：在计算机中心进行逻辑操作的光学等效晶体管。
But one vital building block is missing from Intel's kit: an optical equivalent of the transistors that perform the logical operations at the heart of a computer.
这台电磁式机器一直使用到1959年，然后就被遗弃在灰尘中，因为到了那个时期，首先使用电子管、接着晶体管、然后集成电路芯片的真正电子计算机先后问世。
The electromagnetic machine remained in use until 1959, by which time it was left in the dust by true electronic computers using first vacuum tubes, then transistors, then chips.
在1958年，计算机已经从由电子管驱动的庞然大物演变成较小、较轻的晶体管机器。
In 1958, computers had already evolved from huge tube-driven hulks into smaller, lighter, transistorized machines.
首先看看他的成就：他发明了一项叫做聚合酶链式反应的技术，这项技术对于生物学的意义就如同晶体管对于计算机的意义。
First his accomplishments: he invented a process called PCR, which is every bit as important to biology as the transistor is to computers.
计算机科学家哈里·波特(Harry Porter)博士用继电器制作了一台八位机。继电器是一种电子开关，是比Magic- 1用的晶体管更加简单的元器件。
Computer scientist Dr Harry Porter built his 8-bit machine from relays - electronic switches that are even simpler than the transistors used in Magic-1.
在晶体管发明前，计算机采用真空管作为逻辑原件。
There were computers before the transistor; they used vacuum tubes as logic elements.
现在美国的晶体管，炼油，农产品，通讯和计算机占欧洲市场分额的一半多。
Now American has more than half of the European market in transistors, oil refining, farm products, telecommunications, and computers.
这些能量态的水平代表0或者1，就像传统计算机使用晶体管的开关状态来代表数据位0或1一样。
Those levels represent a one or zero, just as the off and on states of a transistor correspond to zero or one bits of data in traditional computing.
新南威尔士大学的量子计算机技术中心(CQCT)和威斯康辛大学麦迪逊校区利用特殊的显微镜操纵原子联合研制了这块晶体管。
The University of New South Wales' Centre for Quantum Computer Technology (CQCT) and the University of Wisconsin-Madison created the transistor by manipulating atoms using a special microscope.
计算机的能源效率(晶体管数目)每18个月翻一番。
The energy efficiency of computing is doubling every 18 months.
因为晶体管数量的倍增让计算机芯片能够搭载越来越复杂的电路系统，它们不仅节能，还十分便宜。
Because this doubling of the number of transistors led to computer chips that could be packed with increasingly sophisticated circuitry that was both energy efficient and cheap.
直到今天，世界上所生产出来的晶体管数量和现今集合了所有在报纸、书本、杂志、计算机、以及复印机上所印刷出来的字数一样地多。
Today the world produces about as many transistors as it does printed characters in all the newspapers, books, magazines and computer and electronic-copier pages combined.
1956年，晶体管电子计算机诞生了，这是第二代电子计算机。
In 1956, the birth of the transistor computer, which is the second-generation computer.
这些新一代计算机将同时利用光能和电能，而不是使用晶体管和硅制成的芯片。
Instead of having chips with transistors and silicon, these new computers will use both light and electrical energy.
计算机内部通路由微小晶体管组成，而哺乳动物细胞内部通路则由大量基因网络及相应蛋白组成。
But instead of tiny transistors, the internal circuitry of mammalian cells is made up of vast networks of genes and their corresponding proteins.
除了这台晶体管大型通用数字计算机之外，我们没有别的计算机了。
We have no other computers besides this giant general-purpose transistorized digital one.
计算机变得日渐强大，组成计算机芯片的晶体管排列越来越紧凑。
As computers grow increasingly powerful, computer chips are becoming more and more densely packed with transistors, the basic building blocks of microprocessors.
例如，通过运用微细加工技术来制造计算机芯片时，工作小组创造出了一种场效应晶体管，它是计算机中一个重要的组成部件。
By employing the standard microfabrication techniques used, for instance, in manufacturing of computer chips, the team has created a type of field-effect transistor, a vital computer component.
使用晶体管可做成功能更强、更可靠、更价廉的计算机，它与真空管计算机相比占地面积小，功耗小。
The transistor meant more powerful, more reliable, and less expensive computers that would occupy less space and give off less heat than did vacuum-tube-powered computers.
在晶体管(transistor)发明以前，三极检波管是所有收音机、电话、电视机和计算机系统的基本组件。
The Audion became the key component of all radio, telephone, radar, television, and computer systems before the invention of the transistor.
在晶体管(transistor)发明以前，三极检波管是所有收音机、电话、电视机和计算机系统的基本组件。
The Audion became the key component of all radio, telephone, radar, television, and computer systems before the invention of the transistor.
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