几乎所有早期人类都是用普通弓或短弓。
The ordinary bow or short bow as used by nearly all early people.
他们给早期人类提供了一种杀死敌人的有效武器。
They gave early man an effective weapon to kill his enemies.
如果早期人类没有像以前那样频繁地移动和融合，他们可能会继续进化成不同的物种。
If early humans hadn't moved and intermingled as much as they did, they probably would have continued to evolve into different species.
早期人类似乎扮演了终结者的角色，使其他九种超过一吨的哺乳动物彻底从地球上消失。
Early humans seem to have played a major role in finishing offnine other mammal species that weighed over a tonne.
早期人类也找到了他们的发现的实际用途，比如储存像谷物这样的东西——尽管还有一些缺点。
The early humans also found a practical use for their discovery, such as storing things like grain—although there were drawbacks.
在我们这个时代，人类的精明已足以掌握地球的深层奥秘，其程度远远超过了早期人类的能力。
In our times, human shrewdness has mastered the deep mysteries of the earth at a level far beyond the capacities of earlier peoples.
从幼年初期时起，我们就与我们的计数系统紧密联系在一起，以至于考虑未开发计数能力的早期人类所面临的那些问题，就已经成为了想象力上的一次壮举。
From earliest childhood, we are so bound up with our system of numeration that it is a feat of imagination to consider the problems faced by early humans, who had not yet developed this facility.
但现在，我们有足够的知识来降低许多威胁早期人类生存的风险，并改善未来人类的命运。
But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.
看来早期人类也差不多是这样。
是早期人类受到选择压力使他们诚实吗？
Were early humans subjected to selection pressures to keep them honest?
比如说早期人类的船。
工具的使用无疑能够帮助早期人类捕杀并食用猎物。
Tool-use no doubt helped early humans in butchering their dinners.
第二天，这些石头看起来就像早期人类所用过的石头了。
The next day, the stone looked like ones used by early humans.
即使早期人类无法见到病毒或细菌，也面临着其致命影响。
Even if early man could not see virus or bacteria, he was confronted with their lethal impact.
早期人类的收益是很大的：很多高热量的肉类，供养更大的大脑。
And the payoff would've been big for early humans: lots of high-calorie meat to feed a bigger brain.
这一点再结合了其他早期人类的特征，使我们有能力投掷的又远又准。
That, combined with other early human traits, enabled us to throw with power and accuracy.
在早期人类历史中，只有部分专家才阅读，并且是朗声阅读。
For most of our history, reading has been done by just a few specialists, and aloud.
地质学家正在调查位于早期人类化石发现地之下的碳酸盐岩的化学组成。
Geologists are investigating the chemical composition of carbonate rocks that lie beneath the surfaces where early human fossils have been uncovered.
研究认为，非洲的早期人类在大约8万年前离开非洲，并带走了一部分的语言。
It is thought that early man then left Africa around 80,000 years go - taking with him some of the diversification but not all of it.
这间颜料制作工作室的存在表明，早期人类就懂得基本的化学知识并有能力规划未来。
And the presence of this paint-production laboratory indicates that the early humans knew basic chemistry and could plan for the future.
“一些制作石器的早期人类，发现自己技不如人，于是他们就放弃了，”威廉姆斯说。
"Some early humans were making stone tools and they were bad at it and so they quit," Williams says.
对红色的敏感可以让早期人类和其它灵长类更容易区分植物性食物的成熟程度和毒性。
It also could have given early humans and other nonhuman primates the benefit of distinguishing ripeness and toxicity in foods such as fruits and plants.
早期人类要吃很多植物，而且他们要尽快地吃以保证每天可以吃掉提供足够营养的东西。
Early humans ate a lot of plants - and they needed to eat them quickly enough that they could eat a sufficient amount in one day to get all of the nutrients they needed.
知道用火可能帮助了那些5万到6万年前离开非洲的早期人类，以应付欧洲的寒冷条件。
Knowing how to use fire may have helped the early humans who left Africa 50, 000 to 60, 000 years ago to cope with colder conditions in Europe.
研究员琼斯(Jones)猜测，这种更快察觉魅力人士的能力可能对早期人类很有用。
Jones [the researcher] speculates that this ability to perceive things about attractive people faster may have been useful to early humans.
考古学家通过研究早期人类的工具、工具生产及食物残留来识别早期露天居住地。
Archaeologists identify ancient open-air encampments through tools, tool production and food remains.
正如给铁和其他金属加温以改变其属性，早期人类通过给石头加温，使之更容易被制作成石片。
Just as raising temperature can change the properties of iron and other metals, early humans heated stone to make it easier to flake.
考虑到这些早期人类遍布于整个旧世界，科学家们估计的18 500的人口数量是相当稀少的了。
Their estimate of 18,500 individuals is pretty sparse considering that these early humans were spread across the Old World.
考虑到这些早期人类遍布于整个旧世界，科学家们估计的18 500的人口数量是相当稀少的了。
Their estimate of 18,500 individuals is pretty sparse considering that these early humans were spread across the Old World.
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