在提出日凌干扰处理新模型的基础上，根据太阳视面与天线主瓣半功率点截面的相对运动关系，系统阐述了日凌时天线噪声温度的分析方法。
A new model of dealing with solar radiating disturbance is put forward and a systematic explanation to the antenna noise temperature analysis in case of solar radiating disturbance is made.
但有一个问题：和水星凌日不同的是，金星凌日是罕见的，大约每隔一百年会成对出现八年的时间。
But there was a problem: transits of Venus, unlike those of Mercury, are rare, occurring in pairs roughly eight years apart every hundred or so years.
但是天文学家辛苦分析这些观测金星凌日的探险活动的结果。
But astronomers laboured hard to analyse the results of these expeditions to observe Venus transits.
2004年6月，金星的投影穿越太阳表面，这是122年一遇的天象，被称为“凌日”。
June 2004 saw the first passage, known as a "transit", of the planet Venus across the face of the Sun in 122 years.
几个世纪以来，金星凌日吸引了探险家和天文学家们汇聚到地球的四个角落。
For centuries, transits of Venus have drawn explorers and astronomers alike to the four corners of the globe.
正如希瑟·库珀和奈杰尔·亨贝斯特解释的那样，凌日帮助我们形成了对整个宇宙的看法。
Transits have helped shape our view of the whole Universe, as Heather Cooper and Nigel Henbest explain.
因此，2004年6月的金星凌日与其说是一个重要的科学事件，不如说是一个天文奇观。
June 2004's transit of Venus was thus more of an astronomical spectacle than a scientifically important event.
1677年11月，哈雷在南太平洋荒凉的圣赫勒拿岛上观测到了水星（最靠近太阳的行星）的凌日现象。
In November 1677, Halley observed a transit of the innermost planet, Mercury, from the desolate island of St Helena in the South Pacific.
那个数值与今天雷达测定的149,597,870公里相当接近，就当时来说准确度很合理，雷达在精度上已经取代了凌日和其他所有方法。
Reasonably accurate for the time, that is quite close to today's value of 149,597,870 km, determined by radar, which has now superseded transits and all other methods in accuracy.
勒让蒂乘坐一艘法国军舰横穿印度洋逃亡时看到了一次壮观的凌日现象，但船剧烈摇晃，使任何准确观测的尝试都以失败告终。
Fleeing on a French warship crossing the Indian Ocean, Le Gentil saw a wonderful transit, but the ship's pitching and rolling ruled out any attempt at making accurate observations.
但是这样的凌日现象已经为被证明可能是宇宙中最重要的突破之一的说法铺平了道路，这个说法即找到那些围绕其他恒星轨道公转的和地球大小相似的行星。
But such transits have paved the way for what might prove to be one of the most vital breakthroughs in the cosmos—detecting Earth-sized planets orbiting other stars.
要让这颗行星的状态从“候选”到“证实”，“开普勒”小组必须确认三次“行星凌日”的过程。
The Kepler team had to wait for three passes of the planet before upping its status from "candidate" to "confirmed".
可能由有较长轨道的行星引起的成百上千的闪光已被发现，但尚未证实是凌日。
Hundreds of flickers that might have been caused by planets with longer orbits have been seen, but have not yet been confirmed as transits.
用月亮来观察地球重新建立了外星行星凌日的基本几何学原理，同时平衡了穿过整个大气层的影响。
Using the Moon to view Earth recreates the basic geometry of exoplanet searches, as well as averaging the effect across the entire atmosphere.
天文学家推断系外行星存在的手段有好几种，美国宇航局的开普勒项目使用的是凌日法。
While there are a number of different ways that astronomers infer the existence of exoplanets, NASA's Kepler mission USES what's known as the transit method.
这些凌日现象是小日全食，形成于当行星穿过其母星和开普勒之间的光线时。
These transits are mini eclipses-the passage of the planet in question through the line of sight between its parent star and Kepler's telescope.
相比以前所使用的一些根据恒星重力引起的震动来探测行星的方法，凌日探测法可以发现体积小很多的行星。
Transit detection can pick up much smaller planets than previous methods based on gravity-induced wobbles in the stellar parent.
“开普勒”小组首先根据凌日法获得地外行星的讯息，然后由开普勒望远镜和其他太空望远镜(包括运行在轨道上的和地球上的)对行星做进一步的观测，最后才将它确定为候选行星。
Kepler identifies these slight changes in starlight as candidate planets, which are then confirmed by further observations by Kepler and other telescopes in orbit and on Earth.
从地球看去，行星的凌日的情况约为百分之一。
Viewed from Earth, planets transit their stars only about 1% the time.
观察太阳系外行星凌日的技术同Palle和他同事的技术近似，那就是利用月亮作为镜子看地球相对于太阳的凌日。
Looking for transiting extrasolar planets is analogous to palle and colleagues' technique - using the Moon as a mirror to watch Earth transit the Sun.
由于还没有发现任何恒星同时有行星和其卫星凌日，Kipping并没有把他的方法运用于实际。但是，NASA的开普勒号航空飞船会在将来发现一些这样的系统。
Kipping hasn't put his method into practice yet, since no star is known to have both a planet and moon that transit. However, NASA's Kepler spacecraft should discover several such systems.
装备了一架可以同时观测超过10万颗恒星的望远镜，开普勒搜寻着由行星的凌日现象所产生的微弱光线。
The craft, which is armed with a telescope that can track more than 100,000 stars simultaneously, looks for slight diminutions of light caused by planetary transits.
装备了一架可以同时观测超过10万颗恒星的望远镜，开普勒搜寻着由行星的凌日现象所产生的微弱光线。
The craft, which is armed with a telescope that can track more than 100, 000 stars simultaneously, looks for slight diminutions of light caused by planetary transits.
到目前为止，在通过对超过1000颗恒星的光线观察中发现了类似凌日现象的黑点。
So far, it has seen transit-like dips in the light from more than 1, 000 stars.
虽然这对新人讨论过他们的婚礼，报道称他们会在1月18日于巴黎举行婚礼，但是周董在伦敦向昆凌求婚是最近的事。
Although the couple has been discussing their wedding, which reportedly will take place in Paris on January 18, it was only recently that Jay properly proposed to Hannah in London.
这是因为这次的金星凌日不会经常发生。
因为金星凌日很难用肉眼看见，在人类历史上大部份的时期，人们都不知道有这样的事情。
Because a transit of Venus is barely visible to the naked eye, for most of history humans went about their lives oblivious to such events.
但有个问题，金星凌日很难得。
但有个问题，金星凌日很难得。
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