混凝土衬砌时的施工放样基本与开挖放样方法一致。
Construction of concrete lining at the time of the basic lofting lofting method consistent with the excavation.
把椭圆线简化为四段圆弧，是手工作图或施工放样的常用方法。
It's the common way to predigest the ellipse to four arcs in hand-drawing or construction lofting.
在施工中，施工放样的准确性对整个工程的质量起着关键性作用。
During construction, the accuracy of construction lofting is an decisive factor for the quality of the whole project.
施工放样是测绘专业的核心工作，在现代工程建设中发挥重要作用。
Construction stake out the core work of surveying and mapping professional to play an important role in the construction of modern engineering.
分析了影响全站仪进行工程施工放样的精度的各种因素和应注意的问题。
Analysis is made on the factors which may affect the accuracy of engineering construction site setting-out by use of ETS as well as on the issues in need of special attention.
计算机应用于拱坝施工放样中的计算和图形处理，既提高了精度又加快了速度。
The application of computers in setting-out of arch dam and graph processing has not only improved the accuracy but also increased the speed of work.
施工控制测量和施工放样测量是各项工程建筑物及细部尺寸按设计要求定位的保证。
Construction control survey and construction moulding survey are the guarantee of that engineering building and the size of the details meet design.
施工准备应充分，施工路段桩号位置找准确。放样应精确，误差在规定范围内。
Construction should be fully prepared, the construction section of the pile position to find accurate. Lofting should be accurate, the error in the specified range.
目前，极坐标法放样已成为道路中线侧设和桥梁施工测量的一种简便、迅速、精确的方法。
At present, the method of polar coordinates has become an easy, fast and accurate way in midline measure of road and measure in bridge construction.
对摊铺机基层施工中的测量放样及摊铺、碾压操作中的注意事项进行了详细介绍。
A detailed introduce was gived that notice of survey setting out, spread, rolling operating when base construction with spreader.
本文结合施工实践，推导给出了缓和曲线段钢箱梁肋板、边线长度和坐标的计算公式，用于缓和曲线钢箱梁和其它结构梁的放样计算。
The paper gives the calculation formula of the steel box beam rib plate, side line length and coordinate of transition curve sections combined with construction practice.
测量是建筑施工中非常重要的工作，建立合适的控制网，选择合适的放样方法，使测量快速准确。
Survey is very important for building construction. Establishment of the suitable control net and choice of the proper methods of survey can get quick and accurate survey.
但在路基施工地形改变后，由于设计变更而进行的二次路基放样中，逐点接近法则不能得到直接利用。
But where the topography is changed during the construction of road bed, the method could not be used directly in the second road bed lofting from the design variation.
在重大建筑物施工控制中，放样方法本身的精度估算及分析是制定测量方案的重要依据。
In construction of important and large buildings, a precision estimation and analysis of layout method are important data for working out survey plan.
介绍公路工程施工中，圆曲线和缓和曲线上涵洞轴线的放样方法，这种方法简单易行、速度较快。
The paper introduces staking out method of culvert axis of round and transition curve in highway engineering construction. The method is easy to operate with fast speed.
具体介绍了该技术在中线放样、纵横断面测量以及施工测量中的应用。
The technology's application is introduced in canter line lay-out, profile and cross section surveys and construction surveys.
阐述了道路施工测量中控制网的布设及用偏角和弦长进行圆曲线详细放样的方法。
This paper introduces the setting of control net in road construction survey and presents the method of detailed setting out for circular curve by means of avertence Angle and chord.
本文简述了路桥施工测量中放样的四种方法：已知距离的放样，已知水平角的放样、已知高程的放样、平面点位的放样。
Four methods of sampling in road and bridge construction are introduced in this paper. They are sampling of known distances, known horizontal angles, known elevations and plane point position.
介绍经纬仪极坐标放样法在公路施工应用中的操作方法，计算原理及步骤等。
It deals with the operation, calculation principle and steps in the application of transit polar setting-out in highway constructions.
文中介绍某电厂施工测量中有关控制网的优化设计、精度估计及控制点位放样方法等问题。
Problems concerned with the optimum design, precision estimation and control point positioning of the control network in construction survey of a power plant are introduced.
叙述了在施工中，根据不同施工阶段的任务，在保证精度要求的前提下，如何运用不同的放样方法以达到快速、高效、省时、省力地完成线型放样工作。
According to different task in construction, under precondition of assuring precision requirement, the paper introduced how to use different staking out method to complete work in rapid, short time.
从拱形护坡放样到施工及质量保证措施谈体会。
The paper proposed the experience of arch slope construction and quality control measures.
分析了椭圆形建筑场馆施工点位坐标获取方法，进而阐述了智能全站仪坐标放样法在场馆中的实施方法。
The article analyses the method to obtain the coordinate of ellipse building, then sets forth the enforcement way of coordinate laying-out method with the intelligences total station instrument.
详细介绍了施工中的放样方法，并且详细介绍了各种测量仪器及使用，概括了施工中遇到的问题以及解决办法。
Details of the construction stakeout methods, and introduces a variety of measuring instruments and the use of a summary of the problems encountered in the construction as well as solutions.
对主要的施工测量放样，一定要复测，最好采用各种不同的方法加强校核工作。
The main measure for construction stakeout, must retest, preferably using a variety of different ways to strengthen the verification work.
并对如何利用极坐标法进行道路施工测量放样作了论述。
Path Planning Based on the Polar Coordinates, Grids, and Fuzzy Controller;
并对如何利用极坐标法进行道路施工测量放样作了论述。
Path Planning Based on the Polar Coordinates, Grids, and Fuzzy Controller;
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