研究表明：煤的孔隙特征主要取决于煤化程度、显微煤岩组份、矿物质含量和断裂破坏强度。
It has been found that the pore characteristics of lump coal mainly depend on degree of coalification, types of macerals, content of inorganic matters and intensity of fissuring.
本文总结了在短期单调荷载作用下混凝土的破坏机理，断裂韧度和强度理论方面的研究成果。
This paper summed up the recent works about failure mechanisms, fracture toughness and failure criteria of concrete which are monotonously loaded in a short-term.
另外由于水下爆炸对舰体结构的破坏其可能会降低轻型舰船的总纵强度并使其从靠近中间处断裂成两段。
Also, in addition to local structural damage, the longitudinal strength of a light ship may be so impaired that she will break in two near the middle.
化学反应器不仅要满足强度条件，以保证在使用中不发生断裂破坏；也要保证刚度条件，使设备在正常操作时的弯曲变形不超过规定的许可范围。
Reactors used in chemical industry must satisfy rigidity requirements to ensure the bending distortion to be controlled within the tolerated range as well as strength requirements to prevent breakage.
由于试样细观缺陷非均匀性的存在，导致岩石断裂主要由拉伸破坏引起，但拉剪混合破坏仍然存在，并对抗剪强度有较大的影响。
Due to the heterogeneity, rock failure mainly results from tensile damage but shear damage still exists, which has influence on the shear strength.
结果表明，真空烧结过程中出现了界面反应，改善了界面结合强度，断裂破坏主要在基体上进行。
The results show that interface element diffusion and reaction on interface in vacuum hot-pressing sintering processing improved interface strength. Fracture occurred mainly in Al matrix.
构件强度失效(破坏)的形式(流动或断裂)与材料的力学性质、应力状态有关。
The form (flow or break) of strength failure in structural component is connected with the mechanical property and the stress state of the material.
结构钢材的韧性随温度降低而下降，其破坏形态也由塑性屈服向脆性断裂转变，构件的承载力也由强度控制变为材料的韧性控制。
The toughness of steel decreases as temperature drops, its breakage transfers from plasticity to brittleness and the loading capacity is controlled by the toughness, not the strength.
对具有中心穿透斜裂纹在弹性断裂和完全塑性断裂两种破坏模式下的断裂强度进行了分析。
The fracture strength of rectangular plate with inclined crack is analyzed considering two failure modes of elastic fracture and fully plastic failure respectively.
然而，岩石的破坏和断裂是紧密相联的，岩石强度准则的材料参数和断裂理论的断裂韧度存在特定的方程关系。
But the damage and fracture of rock is closely related to each other. And the relationship between strength criterion parameters of rock and fracture toughness of fracture theory is particular.
本文基于岩体节理断裂扩展和剪切滑移两种失稳破坏机制，运用统计断裂力学方法建立了两种破坏方式下节理岩体强度的理论表达式。
In the paper, on the basis of two rupture modes-fracture propagation and shearing slide, the strength of jointed rock is derived by use of statistical fracture mechanics.
强度越高，混凝土的抗冰冻性能越好，但一些强度较高的混凝土试件在硫酸盐溶液中冻融时发生突然的中部断裂而破坏。
The higher strength is, the better anti-freezing performance, but some concrete samples of high strength occurs sudden breaking in sulfate solution for freeze-thawing.
强度越高，混凝土的抗冰冻性能越好，但一些强度较高的混凝土试件在硫酸盐溶液中冻融时发生突然的中部断裂而破坏。
The higher strength is, the better anti-freezing performance, but some concrete samples of high strength occurs sudden breaking in sulfate solution for freeze-thawing.
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