使用SQLite和数据库抽象层。
Drupal是在数据库抽象层上编写的，所以框架可以轻松地扩展到其他数据库后端。
Drupal is written on top of a database abstraction layer, so the framework can be easily extended to other database back ends.
如前面所说，文章的焦点是介绍使得MDB与其他PHP数据库抽象层不同的那些特性。
As stated earlier, the focus of the article is to introduce the features that set MDB apart from other database abstraction layers for PHP.
大部分读者可能发现它们处于这样的境地——他们已经有了大量运行于其他数据库抽象层的程序。
Most readers probably find themselves in a position where they already have a number of applications that run on some other database abstraction layer.
MDB是着眼于使得编写RDBMS无关的PHP程序成为简单的过程的数据库抽象层。
MDB is a database abstraction layer that aims to make writing RDBMS independent PHP application development a straightforward process.
PDO并不是类似于PearDB的数据库抽象层，而更像一种采用了统一api(应用编程接口)的数据访问层。
PDO is not an abstraction layer like PearDB. PDO is a more like a data access layer which USES a unified API (Application Programming Interface).
这是通过深入观察两个流行的数据库抽象层，PEARDB和Metabase， 之后并且对它们进行了融合后获得的。
This was achieved by closely examining two popular database abstraction layers, PEAR DB and Metabase, and merging them.
大部分其他的PHP的所谓数据库抽象层紧紧给所有支持的数据库提供了一个公用api以及非常有限的抽象(大部分只是针对序列的)。
Most other so called database abstraction layers for PHP only provide a common API for all supported databases and only very limited abstraction (mostly only for sequences).
本系列中的下一篇文章描述Drupal数据库抽象层，以及如何使用DB 2 Express- c替代mysql或PostgreSQL。
The next article in this series describes the Drupal database abstraction layer, and how DB2 Express-C could be used as an alternative to MySQL or PostgreSQL.
PEARMDB2包：下载可移植的PEARDB和Metabasephp数据库抽象层的合并包，提供所有受支持RDBMS的通用API。
The PEAR MDB2 package: Download a portable merge of the PEAR DB and Metabase PHP database abstraction layers for a common API for all supported RDBMS.
PHP的数据库访问是使用PEAR：DB完成的，这是一个方便的数据库抽象层，不管数据库是如何实现的，它都可以使用相同的数据库访问代码。
PHP's database accesses are done using PEAR: : DB, a handy database abstraction layer that allows the same database-access code to be used regardless of what database is implemented.
SpringDAO：JDBC DAO抽象层提供了有意义的异常层次结构，可用该结构来管理异常处理和不同数据库供应商抛出的错误消息。
Spring DAO: the Spring JDBC DAO abstraction layer offers a meaningful exception hierarchy for managing the exception handling and error messages thrown by different database vendors.
PDO提供了一个数据访问抽象层，这就意味着，不管你使用的是哪种数据库，你都可以用同样的函数去进行查询的获取数据。
PDO provides a data-access abstraction layer, which means that, regardless of which database you're using, you use the same functions to issue queries and fetch data.
PDO提供了一个数据访问抽象层，这就意味着，不管你使用的是哪种数据库，你都可以用同样的函数去进行查询的获取数据。
PDO provides a data-access abstraction layer, which means that, regardless of which database you're using, you use the same functions to issue queries and fetch data.
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