具有公平偏好的代理人面临不公平的物质收益分配会产生公平负效用，这要求委托人支付额外的公平租金。
The principal has to pay additional fairness rents ( FR) to compensate the disutility of agents with fairness preferences, which results from unfair allocation of material payoff.
利用详实的社会调查数据，考察了我国城市居民对居住区位的偏好和支付意愿，以及居民实际的区位选择。
Using the data from a unique survey, this paper examines the willingness to pay for residential location and the actual location choice of urban residents in China.
首先，本文将引人中位数来定义随机支苟值的偏好，并在此偏好的基础上进一步定义带随机支付双矩阵博弈的纳什均衡。
In this paper, the preferences on stochastic payoffs are defined by quantiles, and the Nash equilibrium of the bimatrix game with stochastic payoffs is given base on the preferences.
本文正是基于此，对享乐性消费中人们偏好支付时间成本以及实用性消费中偏好支付金钱成本做进一步的研究。
Based on this point, this article is trying to study people 's preferences for paying in time for hedonic goods and paying in money for utilitarian goods.
在购买享乐性商品和实用性商品时，愿意支付的时间和金钱成本的偏好也不相同。
People have preferences for expending different combinations of time and money for acquiring hedonic versus utilitarian items.
并依据实际支出与理论支付之比率，将国际旅游偏好划分强、中、弱3种类型；
The national tourism partiality is divided into strong , normal and weak type by the rate of real tourism payout by expectation tourism payout capacity.
并依据实际支出与理论支付之比率，将国际旅游偏好划分强、中、弱3种类型；
The national tourism partiality is divided into strong , normal and weak type by the rate of real tourism payout by expectation tourism payout capacity.
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