为在期现套利中赢得一席之地，就必须拥有优异的指数复制方法。
Excellent index tracking strategy would help winning a place in the future-stock arbitrage.
文章通过研究在发现套利机会后，以追踪误差最小化为目标建立指数复制的问题及其数学模型。
The paper concerns on the index replication problem after arbitrage opportunity are owned, and then a mathematical model is established to aim at minimizing tracking error.
银行现在必须管理复制指数所带来的风险，提供者则面临银行可能会破产倒闭的风险。
The bank now has to manage the risk of replicating the index; the provider faces the risk that the bank might go bust.
银行现在必须管理复制指数所带来的风险，提供者则面临银行可能会破产倒闭的风险。
The bank now has to manage the risk of replicating the index;the provider faces the risk that the bank might go bust.
它们采用“实物”复制，即买入相关指数的成份股，而非使用衍生品来实现基础股指的回报率。
They employ "physical" replication so they buy the constituents of each index rather than using derivatives to deliver the returns of each underlying benchmark.
或许完全复制这目标指数会花费太高或者不切实际。
It may be too costly or impractical to replicate the targeted index completely.
早期的基金倾向于复制一种指数：比如说，购买富时100指数的全部股指。
The early funds tended to replicate an index: buying every share in the FTSE 100, for example.
银行同意支付该供应商相当于被选基准指标比如新型市场指数的收益，供应商则将现金移交作为交换，然后银行就要负责复制指数的风险管理，供应商的风险在于银行有可能破产，所以ETF供应商会要求银行提供担保品（见图）。
The bank now has to manage the risk of replicating the index; the provider faces the risk that the bank might go bust. So the ETF provider requires the bank to provide collateral (see diagram).
选择一种复制方法构造指数跟踪组合是指数跟踪管理首先要解决的问题。
Choosing a replication method to construct the index tracking portfolio is the problem that should be solved firstly in index tracking management.
对指数跟踪组合复制方法进行选择是指数基金管理中的一个重要问题。
The choice of index tracking portfolio replication approaches is important to index fund management.
病毒的复制呈指数增长过程，需朊病毒结合因子参与。
The prion replication is a process of exponential increase, which needs some binding factors of prion help.
完全复制目标指数也许太昂贵了或是不切实际的，为了达到混合的目的，ETF的供应商往往和银行进行一个被称为总收益互换的交易。
It may be too costly or impractical to replicate the targeted index completely. To synthesise it, the ETF provider usually enters into a transaction known as a total return swap with a bank.
复制型基金完全复制策略下的跟踪误差要比增强型指数基金非完全复制策略下的跟踪误差要小；
The track error of copy fund in complete copy strategy is smaller than that of reinforced fund in incomplete copy strategy.
合成复制模型使得它可以创建的ETF，跟踪指数，否则会很难达到，因为对外国投资的限制。
The synthetic replication model makes it possible to create ETFs that track indices that otherwise would be very difficult to reach because of restrictions on foreign investments.
合成复制模型使得它可以创建的ETF，跟踪指数，否则会很难达到，因为对外国投资的限制。
The synthetic replication model makes it possible to create ETFs that track indices that otherwise would be very difficult to reach because of restrictions on foreign investments.
应用推荐