研究了图的正规拉普拉斯矩阵特征值与图的坚韧度，并给出了它们之间的不等式关系。
In this paper, the eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian and the toughness of graphs are studied and the relation of inequality between of them is given.
拉普拉斯矩阵对研究图论之所以重要，是因为可以用其特征值来估计图的诸多不变量，如连通度、直径、带宽等等。
The study of Laplacian matrix is important for graphs 'study because we can estimate many invariants of g, such as connectedness, diameter, bandwidth.
但是，拉普拉斯展开仅对小型矩阵有效。
However, Laplace expansion is efficient for small matrices only.
用边界元方法求解平面拉普拉斯方程时必须计算两个矩阵。
Two matrices have to be calculated when solving plane Laplace equation by the use of BEM.
然后，利用多维拉普拉斯变换，推导出双线性系统非线性传递函数矩阵的计算公式。
Then by using multi-dimension Laplace transform, the computation formula of nonlinear transfer function matrices for MIMO bilinear system are deduced.
然后，利用多维拉普拉斯变换，推导出双线性系统非线性传递函数矩阵的计算公式。
Then by using multi-dimension Laplace transform, the computation formula of nonlinear transfer function matrices for MIMO bilinear system are deduced.
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