通过记录小白鼠回避不同类型疼痛的速度，科学家们终于可以断言，移除HCN2基因可使其感受不到神经性疼痛。
By measuring the speed the mice withdrew from different types of painful stimuli, the scientists were able to show that deleting the HCN2 gene took away neuropathic pain.
接着，他们用另外的工程删除在肺部接收胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素的感受器分子的基因。
Then they used additional engineering to delete the gene for the receptor molecule which picks up TSLP in the lungs.
最近科学家使用基因改造的小鼠进行了一项研究，这些小鼠对糖的味觉缺失，无法感受到食物中的甜味。
In one recent experiment, scientists used genetically engineered mice that were missing sugar receptors and therefore unable to detect sweetness in food.
当一个基因变异足够累积，会变成“假基因”，这意味着它无法再为有效感受器编码。
Once a gene has accumulated enough mutations, it becomes a “pseudogene,” notes geneticist Doron Lancet of Israel’s Weizmann Institute of Science, meaning it no longer encodes a functioning receptor.
这可能因为他们鼻子缺少一些基因，这些基因对于产生（10）专门的嗅觉感受器是必要的。
This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.
这些实验是为了验证经过基因治疗的小鼠的大脑能否有效的感知它们眼内的新的光感受器的信息。
The experiments were designed to determine whether the brains of the genetically altered mice could efficiently process sensory information from the new photoreceptors in their eyes.
CEP290和LCA5基因编码的蛋白在光感受器功能、视觉成像时转运视觉蛋白上起了重要的作用。
Both the CEP290 and LCA5 genes encode proteins with vital functions in the cilium of the photoreceptors, transporting visual proteins to the compartment where vision occurs.
虽然人类的染色体组很多部分都是相同的，但是微小的基因差别也许会对应他们在疾病上的不同感受和在治疗后的不同反应。
Although humans share most of their genome with one another, slight genetic differences may correspond to variation in their susceptibility to diseases and responses to therapeutics.
自1991年在动物中发现嗅觉受体基因以来，关于昆虫感受化学信息的周缘神经系统的分子和细胞机制方面的进展十分迅速。
Since the olfactory receptor genes identified in 1991, great achievements have been obtained on the molecular and cellular olfaction mechanism of insect.
每当人类基因组有新发现时，我体会一种敬畏的感受，觉悟到人类如今明白了从前只有上帝知道的事。
When something new is revealed about the human genome, I experience a feeling of awe at the realization that now humanity knows something only God knew before.
为了适应各种生物胁迫和非生物胁迫，植物在长期进化过程中形成了完整的调节机制，感受外界刺激，调整基因的表达，调节代谢途径。
To survive biotic and abiotic stresses, plants have developed elaborate mechanisms to perceive external signals and adjust metabolic pathways by modulating the expression of genes.
说到嗅觉，各人大不相同，主要是由于嗅觉感受器的基因代码偶然发生变异，而不是由于适应。
People vary greatly when it comes to smell, largely due to chance mutations in the genes that code for the smell receptors rather than for adaptive reasons.
象人类一样，蜜蜂也具有能感受白天和黑夜的基因。
Like humans, bees have genes that give them a sense of day and night.
这种基因可以“开启”人体大脑中被称为下丘脑的区域，并且调节食欲和是否口渴等感受。
This gene is switched on in the part of the brain called the hypothalamus and regulates appetite and thirst.
在2001年，研究者报道称，给予RPE65基因已经变异的叫Briard的盲狗的视网膜细胞一种有效的RPE65基因复制片断，可以改善视网膜上光感受器的功能。
In 2001, researchers reported that giving retina cells a working copy of RPE65 restored photoreceptor function in blind Briard dogs with the RPE65 mutation.
在2001年，研究者报道称，给予RPE65基因已经变异的叫Briard的盲狗的视网膜细胞一种有效的RPE65基因复制片断，可以改善视网膜上光感受器的功能。
In 2001, researchers reported that giving retina cells a working copy of RPE65 restored photoreceptor function in blind Briard dogs with the RPE65 mutation.
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